Exercise associated with γ-oryzanol supplementation suppresses oxidative stress and prevents changes in locomotion in Drosophila melanogaster

Abstract

Association to early mortality and sedentarism was already demonstrated in the literature; nevertheless, some possible biochemical mechanisms around physical inactivity still need answers. The use of an invertebrate model, such as Drosophila melanogaster, can reproduce reliable responses in inducing an exercise protocol with exogenous antioxidant supplementation. This study main evaluates the effect of exercise (EXE) associated with γ-oryzanol (ORY) supplementation to improve locomotor behavior, antioxidant defenses, and survival in Drosophila melanogaster. Two-day old flies were submitted to a protocol for seven days, divided into five groups: Control, Movement-Limited Flies (MLF), EXE, ORY [25 µM], and EXE + ORY [25 µM]. The survival rate was evaluated, followed by open field and negative geotaxis. Flies were euthanized and subjected to analysis for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and antioxidant enzymes activity, glycidic and lipid parameters, body weight, reactive species (RS), and lipid peroxidation. EXE and EXE + ORY flies showed increased survival and locomotor activity, improved glycidic and lipid parameters, with a lower RS production, and increased antioxidant defenses compared to Control, and EXE + ORY when compared to the EXE group, obtained an increase in the ratio of protein levels/body weight, decreased ratio of triglyceride levels/body weight and decreased lipid peroxidation. However, MLF showed less survival and decreased locomotor activity, possibly due to increased AChE activity and reduced antioxidant defenses. The EXE and EXE + ORY demonstrate effective results in maintaining endogenous defenses, with increased locomotor activity, supporting evidence on EXE benefits, and supplementation with antioxidant compounds face of health paradigms.

Highlights

• New protocol system of exercise on Drosophila melanogaster model.

• ORY demonstrates synergistic effect with EXE.

• Exercise with ORY supplementation increases locomotor behavior.

• Exercise with ORY supplementation decrease oxidative damages on flies.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords:

• Exercise
• locomotor behavior
• Drosophila melanogaster
• antioxidant
• biochemical parameters

Author contributions

MMMD, SMA, MP designed the study. MMMD, SMA, VCB, and FCP performed the biochemical analysis, MMMD, SMA, VCB, MRP, EASM, and LBM achieve the behavioral tests. MMMD analyze data and drafted the manuscript. SMA, VCP, SFC, MP edited and revised the manuscript. All authors contributed substantially to the research and approved the final version of the manuscript.

Disclosure statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing for financial interests or personal relationships.

Additional information

Funding

The authors are grateful for the financial support received from the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) (307099/2017-2), the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (FAPERGS) (PQG 19/2551-0001913-0) and the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) – Financial Code 001, for the support and research grants provided.