In Vitro Characterization of Carbamazepine-Loaded Precifac Lipospheres

Figures & data

FIG. 1 Particle size distribution of carbamazepine-loaded Precifac microspheres produced at 400 rpm.

TABLE 1 Percentage yield values, incorporation efficiencies, and mean particle size of formulations

Formulation CZ:PRF ratio	Percentage yield value	b^a ± SD	^b	(b/a × 100)^c ± SD	Mean particle size (μm)
1:1 (I)	83.5	46.38 ± 2.45	50.0	92.76 ± 4.35	635.45 ± 22.16
1:2 (II)	86.7	30.57 ± 1.48	33.3	91.80 ± 2.76	554.67 ± 13.46
1:3 (III)	85.4	23.41 ± 0.34	25.0	93.64 ± 2.53	441.45 ± 8.76
1:4 (IV)	85.6	18.35 ± 1.90	20.0	91.75 ± 3.07	368.31 ± 16.32

^aMean drug entrapped (n = 3).

^bTheoretical drug content.

^cMean incorporation efficiency (n = 3).

FIG. 2 Effect of stirring speed on the average diameter of 1:3 carbamazepine-loaded Precifac microspheres.

FIG. 3 Microscopic image of the prepared lipospheres (a) 1:1, (b) 1:2, (c) 1:3, and (d) 1:4 carbamazepine: Precifac ratios.

FIG. 4 DSC thermograms of (a) pure CZ, (b) Pure PRF, (c) 1:2 CZ:PRF physical mixture, and (d) microsphere prepared from 1:2 CZ: PRF.

FIG. 5 Release of carbamazepine from 1:1 carbamazepine-loaded microspheres of various sizes produced at 400 rpm.

FIG. 6 Release of carbamazepine from 1:2 carbamazepine-loaded microspheres of various sizes produced at 400 rpm.

FIG. 7 Release of carbamazepine from 1:3 carbamazepine-loaded microspheres of various sizes produced at 400 rpm.

FIG. 8 Release of carbamazepine from 1:4 carbamazepine-loaded microspheres of various sizes produced at 400 rpm.

TABLE 2 Values of correlation coefficients of different mathematical models for CZ

	Kinetic model
Formula (size range, μm)	Zero-order	First-order	Higuchi diffusion	Hixson-Crowell
1:1 (500–630)	0.851	0.852	0.925	0.853
1:1 (630–710)	0.962	0.978	0.995	0.973
1:1 (710–800)	0.930	0.951	0.979	0.972
1:2 (315–500)	0.980	0.992	0.996	0.989
1:2 (500–630)	0.980	0.988	0.994	0.986
1:2 (630–710)	0.968	0.979	0.995	0.976
1:3 (250–315)	0.968	0.983	0.997	0.978
1:3 (315–500)	0.983	0.990	0.998	0.988
1:3 (500–630)	0.966	0.975	0.995	0.972
1:4 (125–250)	0.982	0.991	0.997	0.989
1:4 (250–315)	0.997	0.984	0.991	0.982
1:4 (315–500)	0.974	0.982	0.998	0.980