Cognitive Factors in Fibromyalgia: The Role of Self-Concept and Identity Related Conflicts

Figures & data

FIGURE 1 Example of an implicative dilemma taken from a participant's repertory grid.

TABLE 1 Clinical Descriptive Data for the Sample with Fibromyalgia (n = 30)

Measure	M (Range)	SD
VAS	64.97 (38.00–100.00)	17.58
Tender points	15.30 (11.00–18.00)	1.84
FIQ	72.47 (49.95–94.77)	13.20
VAS = Visual Analogue Scale for Pain; FIQ = Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire.

TABLE 2 Means, Standard Deviations, and Significance on Three Grid Measures on Construction of Self and Others

	Groups
	Control	Clinical			Partial eta
	(n = 30)	(n = 30)	F	p-value	squared
Self–ideal discrepancy^a	0.52 (0.42)	0.31 (0.39)	4.08	.04	.066
Perceived social isolation^b	0.40 (0.32)	0.38 (0.32)	0.04	.84	.001
Perceived adequacy of others^c	0.47 (0.47)	0.24 (0.24)	5.49	.02	.086
^aA higher present self–ideal self correlation is associated to higher self-esteem. ^bA higher present self–others correlation coefficient means lower perceived social isolation. ^cA higher others–ideal self correlation coefficient means higher perceived adequacy of others.

TABLE 3 Summary of the Model of Logistic Regression

							95%
	B	SE	Wald	df	P	Exp(B)	CI Exp(B)
Step 1^a
Presence/Absence of implicative dilemmas	1.32	.57	5.47	1	.019	3.76	1.24–11.38
Constant	−0.83	.45	3.33	1	.068	0.44
Step 2^b
Perceived adequacy of others	−1.93	.95	4.11	1	.043	0.15	0.02–0.94
Presence/Absence of implicative dilemmas	1.32	.59	5.01	1	.025	3.75	1.18–11.89
Constant	−0.17	.55	0.09	1	.765	0.85
^aVariable introduced in step 1: presence/absence of implicative dilemmas. ^bVariable introduced in step 2: perceived adequacy of others.

TABLE 4 Content Analysis of Congruent (n = 84) and Discrepant (n = 61) Constructs Forming Implicative Dilemmas in Clinical Sample

	Areas
					Intellectual	Physical
	Moral	Emotional	Relational	Personal	and values	health	Total
Congruent constructs
Frequency	27.0	6.0	25.0	20.0	7.0	0.0	85
Expected frequency	17.5	9.3	22.7	18.6	5.8	11.1	85
Corrected residuals	4.0	−1.8	0.9	0.6	0.8	−5.5
Discrepant constructs
Frequency	3.0	10.0	14.0	12.0	3.0	19.0	61
Expected frequency	12.5	6.7	16.3	13.4	4.2	7.9	61
Corrected residuals	−4.0	1.8	−0.9	−0.6	−0.8	5.5
Total
Frequency	30.0	16.0	39.0	32.0	10.0	19.0	146
Expected frequency	30.0	16.0	39.0	32.0	10.0	19.0	146