Abstract
Wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) based upon synchrotron radiation is ideal for the in situ study of crystal structural changes during heating at high temperatures. This contribution describes a small furnace for in situ WAXS. The furnace has a wide coverage of scattered/diffracted angle from 0 to 135°, heats samples from room temperature to 1000 °C at 20 °C/min, and is suitable for in situ WAXS and radial distribution function of materials. Temperature calibration and safety verification are provided. The use of the furnace is demonstrated by in situ WAXS for the carbonization of bituminous coal.
Disclosure statement
No conflicts of interest are reported by the authors.
Authors’ contributions
Xiaoxia Shang: Investigation, design, experiment, and writing. Weifeng Huang: Design and processing. Yueqian Fan and Haijuan Wu: Experiment. Meijun Wang, Liping Chang, and Dongfeng Li: Funding and discussion. Zhihong Li: Design, funding, and revision.