TLC and GC‐MS Probes into the Fatty Acid Composition of some Lycoperdaceae Mushrooms

Abstract

The efficiency of the successive application of TLC, GC‐MS of fatty acid methyl esters and GC‐MS of fatty acid 4,4‐dimethyloxazoline derivatives in examination of the complex fatty acid mixture in mushrooms is demonstrated on examples of four species of Lycoperdaceae family. Twenty seven fatty acids were unambiguously identified in Bovista plumbea, Calvatia utriformis, Lycoperdon perlatum, and Lycoperdon pyriforme, grown in Bulgaria. Linoleic (37–65%), oleic (7–24%), palmitic (12–18%), and stearic (2–6%) acids are the major components. The mushrooms contain a characteristic group of three isomeric hexadecenoic fatty acids (double bond in positions 6‐, 9‐, and 11‐), which are resolved and determined separately for the first time. The presence of 9‐icosenoic‐, 9,12‐icosadienoic‐, tricosanoic‐, pentacosanoic‐, hexacosanoic‐, and 11‐hexacosenoic acids is reported for the first time in Basidiomycetes.

Keywords:

• Gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry
• Fatty acids
• Dimethyloxazoline derivatives
• Puffball mushrooms
• Lycoperdaceae

Acknowledgments

Thanks are due to Mrs. Rositsa Velikova and Mrs. Svetlana Panayotova for their skilful technical assistance. The partial financial support of the Bulgarian National Science Fund, contract #1513, is gratefully acknowledged.