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Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an industrial chemical with major applications in the production of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. Polycarbonate is used in food storage containers, while epoxy resins are used in the internal coating for food and beverage cans. Residues of unreacted BPA in polycarbonate plastic containers and epoxy coating can migrate into foods, and thus humans of different age groups have been inevitably exposed to BPA. A significant amount of work has been conducted since the estrogenic activity of BPA was reported again in the 1990s to investigate the presence of BPA in both various food and biological samples. Methods based on liquid chromatography (LC) with various ultra violet (UV), fluorescence, electrochemical detection (ECD), mass spectrometry (MS), tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), gas chromatography (GC) with MS and MS/MS, and enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) have been developed for determination of BPA in food and biological samples over the past 10–15 years with significant improvements in method detection limits. This review is to give an overview of the recent development of the determination of BPA in food and biological samples and to identify knowledge gaps to further improve the analytical methods for BPA.
Notes
This manuscript is based on a background paper prepared by the author for the joint FAO/WHO Expert Meeting to Review Toxicological and Health Aspects of BPA held in Ottawa, Canada, on 1–5 November 2010.