Enhancing professional competency in clinical procedures using head-mounted display virtual reality - a mixed method study

Figures & data

Figure 1. Flow diagram of data collection process.

Table 1. Comparison of test scores before and after IVR clinical procedures.

Pre-post-tests	Pre-test Mean (SD)	Post-test Mean (SD)	t	p
Knowledge	12.53 (2.35)	13.38 (2.24)	4.34	<.001*
Intravenous therapy	6.32 (1.56)	6.69 (1.65)	2.71	.008*
Subcutaneous injection	6.22 (1.50)	6.68 (1.22)	3.04	.003*
Perception scales	86.06 (12.55)	87.53 (14.65)	0.92	.359
Usefulness	1.55 (1.84)	1.41 (2.39)	−0.53	.599
Cognitive absorption	17.74 (3.09)	18.75 (3.64)	2.61	.011*
Ease of use	1.33 (1.71)	1.07 (2.23)	−0.94	.351
System quality	16.77 (1.99)	17.49 (2.36)	2.67	.009*
Confirmation	1.30 (1.84)	1.70 (2.26)	1.64	.104
Satisfaction	1.26 (1.96)	1.47 (2.47)	0.73	.466
Continuance intention	1.11 (2.09)	9.65 (2.64)	−1.58	.117
Online learning readiness scale	47.89 (7.06)	49.77 (5.94)	2.77	.007*
Self-directed learning	18.19 (3.06)	18.99 (2.82)	2.51	.014*
Learner control	1.88 (1.70)	11.15 (1.59)	1.47	.147
Motivation/attitude	18.82 (3.14)	19.64 (2.50)	2.52	.014*
General self-efficacy scale	29.82 (2.83)	3.28 (2.68)	1.43	.156

Note. *= p < .05. SD = Standard Deviation. Paired samples t test.

Data availability statement

The data presented in this study are available on request from the corresponding author. The data are not publicly available due to restrictions, e.g., privacy or ethical.