Study of formation of valuable organic products from bioremediation of chlorpyrifos by bacteria catalyzed by molybdenum and zinc salt

Abstract

Experimental studies have been carried out to find the bioremediation activity of bacteria with molybdenum and zinc ions separately on the toxic insecticide, chlorpyrifos. Two bacterial strains, Z_S²⁰ (Enterobacter sp. strain TSNG) and E₅₇ (Pseudomonas sp. strain GRTM) and three inorganic salts: ammonium-molybdate, sodium-molybdate, and zinc-nitrate, have been used for the degradation of toxic insecticide, chlorpyrifos. The metabolic products obtained are chelating organic acids, such as maleamic acid, ascorbic acid, salicylic acid, and other different derivatives of soluble-phosphate and phosphatase enzymes. They help for the better growth of plants. Ammonium-molybdate along with Z_S²⁰ strain is more active for the production of metabolic products and the growth of plants than the other combination. The liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry data of Z_S²⁰ and ammonium-molybdate salt portray complete degradation of chlorpyrifos into nontoxic valuable products. Hence, this combination can be used as good bioremediater as well as good biofertilizer. Results have been tabulated, shown graphically and discussed.

Keywords:

• Ammonium-molybdate
• biodegradation
• biofertilizer
• bioremediater
• chlorpyrifos
• liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry
• zinc-nitrate

Acknowledgments

We would like to thank Dr. N. K. Mandal and Ms. Sreyasree Mandal for proofreading the manuscript and organization of the article. We are also very thankful to help our lab activities to our final year M. Sc., Biotechnology students Subrata Maikap, Manas Mondal, and Partha Bose.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.