Coupling coordination and obstacle factors between tourism and the ecological environment in Chongqing, China: a multi-model comparison

ABSTRACT

This paper constructed the tourism and eco-environment index system, calculated the coupling and coordination relationship between them in Chongqing, from 2000 to 2017, by comparing 9 combination models; and identified the main obstacles through the obstacle model. The results showed that: (1) The comprehensive weighting method (CWM) has the highest accuracy, the coupling coordination mode (CCDM) is more adaptable; the CWM-CCDM is the most suitable. (2) The coupling degree changed from antagonism to run-in phase. (3) The coupling coordination degree improved annually, is in moderate coordination stage currently. (4) The tourism had greater obstacles; the main obstacles vary with time.

KEYWORDS:

• Tourism
• ecological environment
• coupling coordination degree (CCD)
• obstacle factors
• Chongqing

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

This research was funded by the Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission [Grant No. KJQN201901129]; Humanities and Social Sciences Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission [Grant No. 19SKGH132]; Chongqing Social Science Planning Project [2019YBGL075]; and Scientific Research Foundation of Chongqing University of Technology; Guizhou Science and Technology Plan Project [QKHZC20204Y008]; Chinese Ministry of Education Humanities and Social Sciences Project [20YJAZH093].