Impacts of temporary traffic control measures on vehicular emissions during the Asian Games in Guangzhou, China

Figures & data

Table 1. Main control measures during the Drills and the Asian Games

Main Traffic Control Measures	Stages	Time Periods Control Measures Were Adopted
Vehicles without “Green Label” would be prohibited to drive in Guangzhou administrative district	First Drill	12:00 a.m.–12:00 a.m. every day from 17 to 20 July 2010
	Second Drill	12:00 a.m.–12:00 a.m. every day from 11 to 14 September 2010
	During Asian Games	12:00 a.m.–12:00 a.m. every day from 1 to 29 November 2010
Vehicles (not including taxis and buses) were limited to drive by their plate numbers, with odd-even ending number in accordance with the number of the date in Guangzhou administrative district	First Drill	7:00 a.m.–10:00 p.m. every day from 17 to 20 July 2010
	Second Drill	8:00 a.m.–8:00 p.m. every day from 11 to 14 September 2010
	During Asian Games	7:00 a.m.–8:00 p.m. every day from 1 to 29 November 2010

Figure 1. Locations of traffic volume monitoring.

Figure 2. Test routes for driving patterns.

Table 2. Number of samples acquired and average VKT per year for different types of vehicles

Parameters	Light-Duty Passenger Car	Medium-Duty Bus	Heavy-Duty Bus	Light-Duty Truck	Medium-Duty Truck	Heavy-Duty Truck	Motorcycle	Taxi	Bus
No. of samples	10,589	269	751	2670	1437	1102	3820	500	500
VKT per day (km)	55	69	159	66	96	137	14	337	227

Figure 3. Average traffic volumes in monitoring roads during different stages.

Table 3. Impacts of traffic control on volume by vehicle type during the first Drill, the second Drill, and the Asian Games

	Traffic Volume Reduction
Vehicle Type	First Drill	Second Drill	Asian Games
Light passenger cars (including cars and small buses)	33%	15%	28%
Taxis	17%	9%	10%
Buses	5%	8%	4%

Figure 4. Vehicle fleet composition during different stages.

Figure 5. Vehicle average speeds during different stages.

Table 4. Average emissions and emission reduction rates of CO, HC, NO_x, and PM₁₀ per day for motor vehicles in Guangzhou during different stages with temporary control measures

	CO		HC		NOx		PM10
Stage	Emission Amount (Tons)	Emission Reduction Rate (%)	Emission Amount (Tons)	Emission Reduction Rate (%)	Emission Amount (Tons)	Emission Reduction Rate (%)	Emission Amount (Tons)	Emission Reduction Rate (%)
First Drill	5.4 × 10^2	50	86	52	1.1 × 10^2	38	6.9	43
Second Drill	8.0 × 10^2	28	1.2 × 10^2	32	1.3 × 10^2	28	7.9	36
During Asian Games	6.4 × 10^2	42	1.0 × 10^2	46	1.6 × 10^2	26	8.6	30

Table 5. Emission reduction effects of different control measures during different control stages

Traffic Control measures	Stage	CO	HC	NOx	PM10
Prohibition of vehicles without “Green Label”	First Drill	19%	22%	23%	30%
	Second Drill	19%	22%	23%	29%
	During Asian Games	18%	22%	18%	27%
Travel restriction by odd-even licenses	First Drill	38%	39%	19%	22%
	Second Drill	19%	21%	17%	21%
	During Asian Games	33%	33%	10%	11%