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Technical Papers

PM2.5 mass and species trends in Santiago, Chile, 1998 to 2010: The impact of fuel-related interventions and fuel sales

, , , &
Pages 161-169 | Published online: 23 Jan 2013

Figures & data

Figure 1. PM2.5 monthly and annual concentration time series. The dashed line at 20 μg/m3 represents the new Chilean Ministry for the Environment's annual PM2.5 standard.

Figure 1. PM2.5 monthly and annual concentration time series. The dashed line at 20 μg/m3 represents the new Chilean Ministry for the Environment's annual PM2.5 standard.

Figure 2. PM2.5 model results. (a) Annual trend of PM2.5 adjusted for month, day of the week, wind speed, relative humidity, and temperature. (b–d) Nonlinear relationships between PM2.5 and wind speed, relative humidity, and temperature, respectively. (e) Monthly variability of PM2.5 with respect to January. (f) Day-of-the-week variability of PM2.5 with respect to Sunday.

Figure 2. PM2.5 model results. (a) Annual trend of PM2.5 adjusted for month, day of the week, wind speed, relative humidity, and temperature. (b–d) Nonlinear relationships between PM2.5 and wind speed, relative humidity, and temperature, respectively. (e) Monthly variability of PM2.5 with respect to January. (f) Day-of-the-week variability of PM2.5 with respect to Sunday.

Figure 3. Molar ratios, Pearson correlation coefficients, and trends adjusted for month, weekday, temperature, wind speed, and relative humidity for (a) lead and (b) bromine.

Figure 3. Molar ratios, Pearson correlation coefficients, and trends adjusted for month, weekday, temperature, wind speed, and relative humidity for (a) lead and (b) bromine.

Figure 4. Impact of diesel sulfur content reduction on ambient sulfur levels. (a) Maximum allowable sulfur content in diesel for 1989–2010. (b) Average ambient sulfur versus diesel sulfur content. (c) Graph of the meteorology-adjusted relationship between 1998 and 2010. (d) Meteorology-adjusted ambient sulfur concentration trends.

Figure 4. Impact of diesel sulfur content reduction on ambient sulfur levels. (a) Maximum allowable sulfur content in diesel for 1989–2010. (b) Average ambient sulfur versus diesel sulfur content. (c) Graph of the meteorology-adjusted relationship between 1998 and 2010. (d) Meteorology-adjusted ambient sulfur concentration trends.

Figure 5. Monthly PBF and natural gas sales data from 1998 to 2010.

Figure 5. Monthly PBF and natural gas sales data from 1998 to 2010.

Figure 6. PM2.5 trends adjusted for monthly PBF sales in 1998–2010.

Figure 6. PM2.5 trends adjusted for monthly PBF sales in 1998–2010.

Figure 7. Relationship between relative PM2.5 concentrations and PBF sales.

Figure 7. Relationship between relative PM2.5 concentrations and PBF sales.
Supplemental material

Supplemental Material

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