MOVES-Matrix for high-performance on-road energy and running emission rate modeling applications

Figures & data

Figure 1. Data processing overview of MOVES.

Figure 2. Definition of running operating mode bin and example CO₂ emission rates for passenger trucks (model year 2016).

Figure 3. MOVES-Matrix conceptual flow.

Table 1. Content of input file for one MOVES run.

Input	Description
Link	23 links with each assigned operating mode bin Set volume for each link as 13(source types)×31(model years) = 403
Age distribution	Uniform age distribution (1/31 for each age group from age 0 to 30 years) for each source type
Source type	Uniform source type distribution (1/13 for each source type) for each link
I/M strategy	Default from MOVES, determined by calendar year (CY) and region
Fuel supply	Default from MOVES, determined by calendar year, month and region: November to March: winter fuel April and October: transition fuel May to September: summer fuel
Fuel formulation	Default from MOVES, determined by fuel supply
Fuel usage fraction	Default from MOVES
Alternative fuel technology (AVFT)	Default from MOVES
Meteorology	Temperature: 0–110° F with 1° F-bin interval, 111 bins in total Humidity: 0%–100% with 5%-bin interval, 21 bins in total
Operating mode distribution	Single 100% fraction of a specific operating mode bin for each link.
Year	Each year in 2010–2025, 5-year intervals in 2030–2050, input in xml and mrs file

Table 2. Time for generating MOVES-Matrix*.

MOVES-Matrix Size	Time to prepare
30,429 files, 121 GB 21 calendar years × 3 fuel months × 23 temperature bins (0–110 degrees with 5-degree interval) × 21 humidity bins (0–100% with 5% interval)	3.5 days
146,853 files, 605 GB 21 calendar years × 3 fuel months × 111 temperature bins (0-110 degrees with 1-degree interval) × 21 humidity bins (0–100% with 5% interval)	18 days

Notes. *Energy rate, greenhouse gas emissions (CO₂, GHG, CH₄, N₂O), criteria pollutants (NOx, THC, VOC, CO, SO₂, PM₁₀, PM_2.5)

Table 3. Key fields to identify emission rate in MOVES-Matrix.

MOVES-Matrix version	Key fields to identify Sub-Matrix	Key fields to identify emission rate in the Sub-Matrix
Average Speed and Facility Type Matrix (Speed-Matrix)	Calendar year, month, temperature, humidity	Vehicle source type, model year, pollutant type, facility type, speed
Operating Mode Matrix (OpMode-Matrix)	Calendar year, month, temperature, humidity	Vehicle source type, model year, pollutant type, operating mode bin
Matrix of Operating Mode and Fuel (OpMode&Fuel-Matrix)	Calendar year, month, temperature, humidity	Vehicle source type, model year, fuel type, pollutant type, operating mode bin

Figure 4. MOVES vs. MOVES-Matrix working mechanism.

Table 4. Iteration scenarios for test runs.

Variables	Iteration Increment	Number of Iterations
Facility type	Freeway, Local	2
Fleet (MY & type)	Freeway fleet, Local fleet
Calendar Year	2010–2050 in 5-year interval	9
Fuel month	January (winter), April (transition), July (summer)	3
Temperature	20–100 F in 20-F interval	5
Humidity	20–100% in 20% interval	5
Operation input	Average speed, OpMode distribution, Driving cycle	3
Total Scenarios (Number of Runs): 2 × 9 × 3 × 5 × 5 × 3		4,050
Number of links in each run	Average speed method: 5–70 mph in 5-mph interval OpMode distribution method: 5–70 mph in 5-mph interval with each applied with operating mode distribution Driving cycle method: 14 links with each applied with customized second-by-second driving schedule	14
Total Number of Link Scenarios: 4,050 × 14		56,700
Pollutant type	THC, CO, NOX, PM2.5, CO2	5
Total Number of Emission Results: 56,700 × 5		283,500

Figure 5. Emission results (Grams per Mile) of (a) HC, (b) CO, (c) NO_x, (d) PM_2.5 and (e) CO₂ from MOVES and MOVES-Matrix.

Table 5. Model run time comparison.

Model	Process	Method [total runs = 4,050]
		Average speed method (1,350 runs)		OpMode distribution method (1,350 runs)		Driving cycle method (1,350 runs)
		Time (hr)	Speed (sec/link)	Time (hr)	Speed (sec/link)	Time (hr)	Speed (sec/link)
MOVES	Load Input	3.66	0.69	4	0.76	4	0.76
	Calculation	206.3	39.29	152	28.95	191	36.4
	Total	210	40	156	29.71	195	37.1
MOVES-Matrix	Load Input	0.77	0.14	0.15	0.029	0.54	0.10
	Calculation	0.06	0.01	0.02	0.004	0.16	0.03
	Total	0.83	0.15	0.17	0.032	0.70	0.13
Ratio of Run Time (MOVES Batch Mode/MOVES-Matrix)		253		917		278

Figure 6. Examples of MOVES-Matrix applications: (a) Connection with Atlanta TDM; (b) Connection with traffic microsimulation; (c) Vehicle emission calculator in smartphone; and (d) Dispersion modeling with AERMOD.

Figure 7. Counties calculated in MOVES-Matrix.