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Technical Papers

Development of Ag/Ag2O/ZnO photocatalyst and their photocatalytic activity towards dibutyl phthalate decomposition in water

, , ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon
Pages 1137-1152 | Received 16 Jan 2022, Accepted 12 Apr 2022, Published online: 25 Aug 2022

Figures & data

Figure 1. SEM images of Ag/Ag2O (sintering temperature 140°C (a), 170°C (b), 200°C (c)), Ag (d), Ag2O (e), Ag/Ag2O/ZnO (f) and ZnO (g).

Figure 1. SEM images of Ag/Ag2O (sintering temperature 140°C (a), 170°C (b), 200°C (c)), Ag (d), Ag2O (e), Ag/Ag2O/ZnO (f) and ZnO (g).

Figure 2. TEM images of Ag/Ag2O (sintering temperature 140°C (a), 170°C (b), 200°C (c)), Ag (d), Ag2O (e), Ag/Ag2O/ZnO (f) and ZnO (g).

Figure 2. TEM images of Ag/Ag2O (sintering temperature 140°C (a), 170°C (b), 200°C (c)), Ag (d), Ag2O (e), Ag/Ag2O/ZnO (f) and ZnO (g).

Figure 3. XRD patterns of (a) Ag/Ag2O prepared at various sintering temperatures and (b) Ag, Ag2O and Ag/Ag2O.

Figure 3. XRD patterns of (a) Ag/Ag2O prepared at various sintering temperatures and (b) Ag, Ag2O and Ag/Ag2O.

Figure 4. XPS spectra of Ag/Ag2O/ZnO. (a) survey scans, (b) O 1s, (c) Zn 2p and (d) Ag 3d.

Figure 4. XPS spectra of Ag/Ag2O/ZnO. (a) survey scans, (b) O 1s, (c) Zn 2p and (d) Ag 3d.

Figure 5. Wettability evaluation of (a) ZnO and (b) Ag/Ag2O/ZnO.

Figure 5. Wettability evaluation of (a) ZnO and (b) Ag/Ag2O/ZnO.

Figure 6. Photoluminescence (PL) spectra for Ag/ZnO, Ag2O/ZnO and Ag/Ag2O/Zn photocatalysts.

Figure 6. Photoluminescence (PL) spectra for Ag/ZnO, Ag2O/ZnO and Ag/Ag2O/Zn photocatalysts.

Figure 7. Tauc plots of (a) ZnO, (b) Ag/ZnO, (c) Ag2O/ZnO and (d) Ag/Ag2O/ZnO photocatalysts.

Figure 7. Tauc plots of (a) ZnO, (b) Ag/ZnO, (c) Ag2O/ZnO and (d) Ag/Ag2O/ZnO photocatalysts.

Figure 8. EIS Nyquist plots of ZnO, Ag/ZnO, Ag2O/ZnO and Ag/Ag2O/ZnO photocatalysts.

Figure 8. EIS Nyquist plots of ZnO, Ag/ZnO, Ag2O/ZnO and Ag/Ag2O/ZnO photocatalysts.

Figure 9. (a) Effect of sintering temperatures on the photocatalytic degradation of DBP with Ag/Ag2O/ZnO. (b) Pseudo-first order kinetic over Ag/Ag2O/ZnO at various sintering temperatures.

Figure 9. (a) Effect of sintering temperatures on the photocatalytic degradation of DBP with Ag/Ag2O/ZnO. (b) Pseudo-first order kinetic over Ag/Ag2O/ZnO at various sintering temperatures.

Figure 10. (a) Effect of silver addition on photocatalytic degradation of DBP with ZnO. (b) Pseudo-first order kinetic with photocatalysts.

Figure 10. (a) Effect of silver addition on photocatalytic degradation of DBP with ZnO. (b) Pseudo-first order kinetic with photocatalysts.

Figure 11. (a) Effect of radical scavengers on the photocatalytic degradation of DBP with Ag/Ag2O/ZnO and (b) their pseudo-first order kinetic over Ag/Ag2O/ZnO.

Figure 11. (a) Effect of radical scavengers on the photocatalytic degradation of DBP with Ag/Ag2O/ZnO and (b) their pseudo-first order kinetic over Ag/Ag2O/ZnO.

Figure 12. Postulated mechanism for the photocatalytic degradation of DBP with Ag/Ag2O/ZnO in water.

Figure 12. Postulated mechanism for the photocatalytic degradation of DBP with Ag/Ag2O/ZnO in water.
Supplemental material

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Data availability statement

The authors confirm that the data supporting the findings of this study are available within the article and its supplementary materials.

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