235
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Technical Papers

Design of an IoT-based indoor tracking and condition monitoring system for the safe and transparent management of drums storing low- and intermediate-level radioactive waste

, &
Pages 133-145 | Received 07 Jul 2022, Accepted 08 Nov 2022, Published online: 11 Jan 2023

Figures & data

Figure 1. (a) Process for handling low- and intermediate-level radioactive waste from the generating facility to the disposal site. (b) a schematic of the proposed radioactive waste tracking system.

Figure 1. (a) Process for handling low- and intermediate-level radioactive waste from the generating facility to the disposal site. (b) a schematic of the proposed radioactive waste tracking system.

Figure 2. (a) NFC test configuration for drum positioning performance. Performance test on (b) a regular wooden table and (c) metal drum.

Figure 2. (a) NFC test configuration for drum positioning performance. Performance test on (b) a regular wooden table and (c) metal drum.

Figure 3. Diagram of the IR module transmission and reception test configuration.

Figure 3. Diagram of the IR module transmission and reception test configuration.

Figure 4. (a) Design and components of the pallet and (b) the pallet module layout.

Figure 4. (a) Design and components of the pallet and (b) the pallet module layout.

Table 1. Models and manufacturers of the modules used on a pallet.

Figure 5. (a) Position of the attached magnetic sensor on a drum and (b) configuration of the magnetic sensors.

Figure 5. (a) Position of the attached magnetic sensor on a drum and (b) configuration of the magnetic sensors.

Figure 6. Example of the built-in application of an NFC reader in a pallet.

Figure 6. Example of the built-in application of an NFC reader in a pallet.

Table 2. Operational vertical distance range according to the distance between NFC tag and drum surface.

Table 3. Results of the IR transmit/receive test.

Table 4. Test results according to the materials interfering with electromagnetic signals between the transmitting and receiving modules.

Table 5. Results from analysis of the sensor characteristics according to the position of the magnetic sensor.

Table 6. Estimated power consumption of a drum node.

Table 7. Estimated power consumption of a pallet node.

Figure 7. Confirmation of the remote tests of the lid closed/open status using the magnetic sensor of (a) one drum and (b) three drums.

Figure 7. Confirmation of the remote tests of the lid closed/open status using the magnetic sensor of (a) one drum and (b) three drums.

Figure 8. Test configuration for the test of drum indoor tracking.

Figure 8. Test configuration for the test of drum indoor tracking.

Figure 9. Pallet arrays with (a) 2 × 3 × 2 and (b) 2 × 2 × 3 configurations and their indoor tracking results.

Figure 9. Pallet arrays with (a) 2 × 3 × 2 and (b) 2 × 2 × 3 configurations and their indoor tracking results.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.