Morphological composition of bio-waste collected selectively in towns and villages during autumn and winter

Figures & data

Table 1. Scope of material analysis of bio-waste.

No.	Main Category	Subcategory	No.	Types	Examples of food products belonging to the food waste category
I	Food waste	Food waste (edible) that can be avoided	1	Bread	bread, tortillas, baked goods, pizza
			2	Meat and Fish	poultry, beef, seafood, eggs
			3	Dairy	milk, yoghurt, cheese, ice cream
			4	Dried foods	rice, pasta, crackers, cereals
			5	Fruit and vegetables	apples, berries, lettuce, potatoes
			6	Other residuals,	sweets,
		Food waste (inedible)	7	Bread and Pastries	not applicable
			8	Meat and Fish	fish bones, egg shells, mussel shells
			9	Dairy	milk cheese rinds
			10	Dried foods	not applicable
			11	Fruit and vegetables	pips, peels, stems, seeds
			12	Other residuals,	coffee grounds, tea bags
II	Garden waste	Grass	13	Grass	-
		Leaves	14	Leaves	-
		Branches	15	Branches	brown parts of plants -
		Other waste	16	Other waste	-
III	Contaminants	Paper and cardboard	17	Packaging	sacks, bags
			18	Other paper and cardboard wastes	-
		Plastics	19	Packaging	sacks, bags
			20	Other plastics	-
		Metals	21	Iron	-
			22	Non-ferrous	-
		Other	23	Glass	-
			24	Textiles
			25	Multi-material waste	-
			26	Mineral wastes	debris, stones
			27	Fraction ˂ 10 mm	-

Figure 1. Monthly changes in the amount of separately collected bio-waste in urban and rural areas between November 2021 and April 2022.

Figure 2. Share of garden waste, food waste, contaminants and bags for separate collection (bin bags) in bio-waste from households, urban single-family (A) and multi-family housing (B) and rural municipalities (C).

Table 2. Breakdown of the food waste fractionate occurring in separately collected bio-waste from households, urban single-family and multi-family housing and rural areas.

Subcategories	Types of waste	Towns - single-family housing		Towns - multi-family housing		Rural areas
		Share by weight of bio-waste [%]	Share by weight of fraction [%]	Share by weight of bio-waste [%]	Share by weight of fraction [%]	Share by weight of bio-waste [%]	Share by weight of fraction [%]
Edible food waste	bread and baked goods	1.9	35.0	1.8	22.2	1.9	19.9
	meat and fish	0.1	2.2	0.9	11.2	0.5	5.1
	dairy products	0.1	2.4	0.3	4.0	0.1	1.0
	dried foods	0.1	1.7	0.4	4.6	0.2	2.4
	fruit and vegetables	3.1	58.6	4.3	54.0	6.3	67.8
	other residues	0.0	0.0	0.3	4.0	0.4	3.9
	Total fraction	5.3	100.0	8.0	100.0	9.3	100.0
Non-edible food waste	bread and baked goods	-	-	-	-	-	-
	meat and fish	0.3	0.6	0.4	0.8	0.2	0.4
	dairy products	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.0
	dried foods	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.1
	fruit and vegetables	42.2	98.8	47.3	98.7	48.0	99.1
	other residues	0.2	0.6	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.3
	Total fraction	42.7	100.0	47.9	100.0	48.4	100.0

Figure 3. Changes in the shares of garden waste, edible and non-edible food waste, contaminants and selective collection bags in household bio-waste from urban single-family and multi-family housing and from rural municipalities.

Figure 4. Composition and contaminant content of household bio-waste collected from single-family (US) and multi-family (UM) developments in urban and rural municipalities (R).

Figure 5. Types and average content of garden waste components in household bio-waste collected from single-family (US) and multi-family (UM) developments in urban and rural municipalities (R) in the period November to April.

Data availability statement

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author, [WD], upon reasonable request.