Reliability of FUNDES-Child-SE - measuring participation and independence of children and youths with disabilities

Figures & data

Table 1. Dimensions and rating scales in FUNDES-Child-SE.

Dimension	Rated as	Rating scale
Frequency of attendance	How often the child/youth participate in different activities compared to children/young people without disabilities (with or without aids or other equipment)	0	The same as or more than what is expected for the age
		1	A bit less than what is expected for the age
		2	Much less than what is expected for the age
		3	Never do it
		9	Not relevant/not applicable
Engagement	How engaged/involved you perceive the child/youth to be in activities without comparing with other children/young people	0	Very engaged
		1	Rather engaged
		2	Little/somewhat engaged
		3	Not at all engaged
		9	Not relevant/not applicable
Independence	How independent the child/youth is in activities (regardless of whether he/she uses technical aids or not)	0	Independent, does not need any guidance or assistance
		1	Need guidance or little assistance
		2	Medium assistance
		3	Total assistance
		9	Not relevant/not applicable

Table 2. Demographic data of children and participants.

	Population (n = 163)	Retest population (n = 59)
Children
Age
Age in years (m, (sd))	10.7 (3.83)	11.87 (3.91)
Cohort born 2013–2015	41.1%	30.5%
Cohort born 2007–2009	42.9%	44.1%
Cohort born 2003–2006	16.0%	25.4%
Gender
Boy	63.8%	64.4%
Girl	35.0%	33.9%
Other	1.2%	1.7%
Physical disability
Has serious delay in sitting, standing, or walking	36.2%	35.6%
Has difficulty walking or moving arms or is weak or rigid in arms or legs	19.6%	18.6%
Intellectual disability
Comprehends when a parent asks the child to do something	80.1%	82.8%
Seems to have difficulties comprehending or is slow	68.3%	69.5%
Participants
Gender
Woman	68.1%	73.7%
Man	31.9%	26.3%
Participants’ education
9-year elementary school	8.0%	3.4%
Upper secondary school	26.4%	35.6%
University	46.0%	47.5%
Missing	19.6%	13.6%
Need an interpreter
Yes	16.6%	3.4%
No	64.4%	66.1%
Missing	19.0%	30.5%
Survey language
Swedish	90.2%	94.9%
English	4.9%	1.7%
Arabic	4.9%	3.4%
Somali	0%	0%
Type of survey
Web	66.9%	79.7%
Paper	33.1%	20.3%

Table 3. The 13 items with >10% missing data or not relevant/not appliable in one or more dimensions and the proportion of these items’ valid ratings, per dimension (n = 163).

	Frequency of attendance			Engagement			Independence
	Missing	Not relevant/not applicable	Valid	Missing	Not Relevant/not applicable	Valid	Missing	Not relevant/not applicable	Valid
Subdomain to participate at home
Social, play or leisure activities at home with friends	3.0%	6.8%	90.2%	4.3%	11.7%	84.0%	4.3%	11.0%	84.7%
Subdomain to participate outside the home
Social, play, or leisure activities with friends outside the home	6.1%	8.0%	85.9%	7.4%	15.3%	77.3%	8.0%	17.8%	74.2%
Organized activities outside the home	6.7%	12.3%	81.0%	8.6%	15.3%	76.1%	7.4%	18.4%	74.2%
Subdomain to participate at school
Instructional activities together with classmates	9.8%	17.2%	73.0%	12.3%	16.0%	71.8%	12.3%	16.0%	71.8%
Social, play or leisure activities with other students at school	8.6%	13.5%	77.9%	11.0%	12.3%	76.7%	12.3%	12.3%	75.5%
Moving around at school	9.2%	12.9%	77.9%	11.7%	12.9%	75.5%	10.4%	12.3%	77.3%
Using pedagogical materials and equipment that are also available for other students or that are adapted for you/your child	11.7%	14.7%	73.6%	14.7%	14.1%	71.2%	14.1%	14.7%	71.2%
Communicating with other students and adults at the school	11.0%	12.9%	76.1%	12.9%	11.7%	75.5%	13.5%	12.9%	73.6%
Subdomain to participate in the home and society
Household activities	7.3%	12.3%	80.4%	9.2%	12.9%	77.9%	8.6%	17.8%	73.6%
Shopping and managing money	7.4%	25.1%	67.5%	9.8%	27.0%	63.2%	9.8%	28.2%	62.0%
Managing a daily schedule	8.0%	22.7%	69.3%	9.2%	23.9%	66.9%	8.6%	25.1%	66.3%
Using transportation in order to move around in society	8.6%	35.6%	55.8%	10.4%	42.3%	47.2%	9.8%	41.7%	48.5%
Work and responsibilities	9.8%	34.4%	55.8%	12.9%	36.8%	50.3%	12.3%	35.6%	52.1%

Table 4. Cronbach’s alpha correlation coefficients in subdomains and dimensions using the full sample and retest sample, and test-retest intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC).

	Alpha correlation coefficient (95% confidence interval)	Alpha correlation coefficient (95% confidence interval) (Retest sample, n = 59)	Test-retest ICC (95% confidence interval)
Frequency of attendance	(n = 154)
Subdomain to participate at home	0.84 (0.79–0.87)	0.80 (0.70–0.87)	0.80 (0.71, 0.87)
Subdomain to participate outside the home	0.80 (0.75–0.85)	0.82 (0.73–0.88)	0.86 (0.80, 0.91)
Subdomain to participate at school	0.92 (0.89–0.93)	0.88 (0.83–0.92)	0.84 (0.75, 0.89)
Subdomain to participate in the home and society	0.89 (0.86–0.91)	0.91 (0.87–0.94)	0.83 (0.75, 0.89)
Dimension frequency of attendance	0.95 (0.93–0.96)	0.95 (0.93–0.97)	0.90 (0.85, 0.93)
Engagement	(n = 152)
Subdomain to participate at home	0.84 (0.79–0.87)	0.81 (0.73–0.88)	0.79 (0.70, 0.86)
Subdomain to participate outside the home	0.81 (0.75–0.85)	0.80 (0.71–0.88)	0.82 (0.74, 0.88)
Subdomain to participate at school	0.91 (0.89–0.93)	0.89 (0.85–0.93)	0.73 (0.61, 0.82)
Subdomain to participate in the home and society	0.87 (0.83–0.90)	0.89 (0.85–0.93)	0.77 (0.67, 0.85)
Dimension engagement	0.94 (0.93–0.96)	0.94 (0.92–0.96)	0.85 (0.78, 0.90)
Independence	(n = 139*)
Subdomain to participate at home	0.90 (0.88–0.93)	0.93 (0.90–0.96)	0.89 (0.84, 0.93)
Subdomain to participate outside the home	0.87 (0.83–0.90)	0.94 (0.91–0.96)	0.83 (0.75, 0.89)
Subdomain to participate at school	0.90 (0.89–0.93)	0.92 (0.89–0.95)	0.86 (0.79, 0.91)
Subdomain to participate in the home and society	0.90 (0.88–0.93)	0.90 (0.85–0.94)	0.83 (0.75, 0.89)
Dimension independence	0.96 (0.96–0.97)	0.97 (0.96–0.98)	0.95 (0.92, 0.96)

* Include imputed data. ICC: intra-class correlation coefficient.

Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author, JG, upon reasonable request. Permission to reproduce material from other sources: FUNDES-Child-SE has been developed with permission from authors of FUNDES-Child, and developers of FUNDES-Child-SE are authors of this manuscript and have given their consent.