Basic hemodynamics and noninvasive cardiac output (Bioimpedance ICON Cardiometer): A diagnostic reliability during percutaneous nephrolithotomy bleeding under spinal anesthesia

Figures & data

Table 1. Baseline characteristics of patients with significant blood loss in comparison with patients with non-significant loss

	Significant Blood loss	Non-significant Blood loss	P value
No. patients	14(35%)	26(65%)	– –
Patients’ Demographics
*Mean ± SD Age	54.4 ± 8.7	48 ± 10.6	0.095
**Gender: Male Female	6 8	13 13	0.74
*Mean ± SD BMI	31 ± 3	30.1 ± 3.5	0.338
**ASA score: I II	8(57%) 6(43%)	6 (23%) 20(76%)	0.043
*Mean ± SD Hb level	13.6 ± 1	13.3 ± 1.4	0.554
Basic non-invasive tools
*Mean ± SD HR	83 ± 12	82 ± 14	0.941
*Mean ± SD SBP	110 ± 17	119 ± 17	0.157
*Mean ± SD MAP	84.2 ± 14	89.4 ± 13	0.251
Bio-impedance measures
*Mean ± SD COP	6 ± 2	6.2 ± 1.7	0.803
*Mean ± SD CI	3.1 ± 1.4	3.1 ± 0.8	0.809
*Mean ± SD SV	72 ± 24	76 ± 21	0.607
*Mean ± SD SVI	35.7 ± 10	41.9 ± 21	0.323
*Mean ± SD CPI	0.57 ± 0.2	0.63 ± 0.17	0.176
*Mean ± SD DO2	1055.5 ± 381	1108.2 ± 350	0.663

Table Legend: Data are in mean and standard deviation or number and percent. Abbreviations: ASA (American society of anesthesiologist), BMI (body mass index), stroke volume index (SVI), cardiac output (COP), Stroke volume (SV), Cardiac performance index (CPI), Oxygen delivery (DOI), Oxygen delivery (DO2), cardiac Index (CI), systolic tome ratio (STR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), mean blood pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), O2 saturation (SaO2), Haemoglobin (HB), NO. (Number), SD (standard deviation). *Independent t test. **chi square test. Significant P < 0.05.

Table 2. Patients'’ characteristic at minute-120

	Significant loss	Non-Significant loss	P value
No. patients	14(35%)	26(65%)	– –
Mean ± SD Hb level	9.7 ± 0.9	11.9 ± 1.5	0.0001
Basic non-invasive tools
Mean ± SD HR	86.6 ± 16	79.3 ± 13	0.144
Mean ± SD SBP	109 ± 19	114 ± 16	0.346
Mean ± SD MAP	79 ± 17	83 ± 13	0.414
Bio-impedance measures
Mean ± SD COP	5.9 ± 2	5.7 ± 1.8	0.846
Mean ± SD CI	3 ± 1	2.9 ± 0.7	0.650
Mean ± SD SV	65 ± 23	75 ± 19	0.159
Mean ± SD SVI	33.5 ± 12	36 ± 9	0.460
Mean ± SD CPI	0.58 ± 0.2	0.59 ± 0.14	0.876
Mean ± SD DO2	1027 ± 370	1030 ± 343	0.944

Table Legend: Data are in mean and standard deviation. Abbreviations: ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologist), BMI (body mass index), stroke volume index (SVI), cardiac output (COP), Stroke volume (SV), Cardiac performance index (CPI), Oxygen delivery (DOI), Oxygen delivery (DO2), cardiac Index (CI), systolic tome ratio (STR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), mean blood pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), O2 saturation (SaO2), Haemoglobin (HB), NO. (Number), SD (standard deviation). *Independent t test. Significant P < 0.05

Figure 1. Pattern of changes of STR over duration of procedure. Record of mean±SD of STR at minute-80 was higher in group of significant blood loss (0.44 ± 0.07 Vs 0.38 ± 0.05, P 0.018). Abbreviations; STR systolic time ratio (STR), significant (significant blood loss), Non-significant (Non-significant blood loss)

Figure 2. Pattern of changes of heart rate (HR) over duration of procedure. Record of mean±SD of HR over time. Record of HR started to be significantly higher at minute-100 (87.5 ± 13 Vs.78.6 ± 12, P 0.05) Abbreviations; HR (heart rate), significant (significant blood loss), Non-significant (Non-significant blood loss)