Role of central venous-arterial PCO₂ difference in prediction of clinical outcome in ICU septic patients

Figures & data

Figure 1. Consort flow chart

Table 1. The patients’ demographic data in both studied groups

	NormalΔPCO2 group (N = 42)	high ΔPCO2 group(N = 58)	P value
Age Mean ± SD	60.9 ± 14.9	58.4 ± 19.3	0.268
Sex M/F (%)	14/28 (33.3/66.7%)	24/34 (41.4/58.6%)	0.768

Significant p value < 0.05

Table 2. The causes of patients’ admission to ICU and number of patients on mechanical ventilation

	Normal ΔPCO2 group (N = 42)		High ΔPCO2 group N = 58
	No	%	No	%	χ^2	P value
Severe sepsis	36	85.7	30	51.7	6.271	0.016
Septic shock	6	14.3	28	48.3
Number of patients on mechanical ventilation	18	42.9	18	31.0	0.739	0.551

Significant p value < 0.05

Table 3. Comparison of the duration of mechanical ventilation, ICU stay, vital signs, some laboratory investigation and ICU scoring system on the time of ICU admission in both studied groups

	NormalΔPCO2 group N = 42	HighΔPCO2group N = 58	P-value
Duration of mechanical ventilation (days) Mean ±SD	6.7 ± 4.3	7.2 ± 5.1	0.470
Duration of ICU stay (days) Mean ±SD	14.4 ± 11.8	15.0 ± 7.3	0.350
Heart Rate (beat/min) Mean ±SD	95.3 ± 20.0	110.5 ± 13.5	0.013
Mean Arterial Blood Pressure (mmHg) Mean ±SD	84.6 ± 16.2	71.2 ± 31.8	0.058
Number of patients who received vasopressor drugs (%)	24 (57.1)	37(63.8)	0.152
Respiratory Rate (breath/min) Mean ±SD	22.8 ± 6.4	22.8 ± 8.8	0.999
glucose levels mg/dl Mean ±SD	270.7 ± 119.3	201.9 ± 85.6	0.038
Lactate level(mmol/L)	1.8 ± 0.7	3.6 ± 1.5	0.012
Glasco coma scale (GCS) Mean ±SD	13.7 ± 2.5	11.9 ± 4.2	0.062
APACHE score. Mean ±SD	19.9 ± 5.4	24.3 ± 7.5	0.020
SOFA score, Mean ±SD	8.6 ± 2.7	11.5 ± 4.3	0.031
28- day mortality number (%)	12 (28.6%)	40(69%)	0.042

Significant p value < 0.05

Table 4. Differences between the ΔPCO₂ groups regarding the number of organ dysfunction in ICU

Number of organs dysfunction	Normal ΔPCO2 N = 42		High ΔPCO2 N = 58		Total N = 100		χ^2	P-value
	No	%	No	%	No	%
0	4	9.5	2	3.4	6	6.0	3.487	0.625
1	10	23.8	8	13.8	18	18.0
2	10	23.8	12	20.7	22	22.0
3	12	28.6	24	41.4	36	36.0
4	6	14.3	8	13.8	14	14.0
6	0	0.0	4	6.9	4	4.0

Significant p value < 0.05

Table 5. The correlation between ΔPCO₂ values and some laboratory parameters

	R	P-value
Potassium	−0.363	0.010
Sodium	−0.047	0.744
Creatinine	0.012	0.932
Urea	0.056	0.702
Random blood sugar	−0.249	0.085
Bilirubin	0.054	0.710
ALT (Alanine transaminase)	−0.088	0.547
AST (Aspartate transaminase)	−0.092	0.528
Albumin	−0.153	0.289
Hb (Hemoglobin)	0.085	0.558
TLC (Total leucocytic count)	0.228	0.110
HTC (Hematocrit Percent)	0.044	0.760
PLT(Platelets)	−0.021	0.883
INR	0.026	0.855
Arterial pH	0.197	0.171

Significant p value < 0.05

Table 6. Correlation between ΔPCO₂ values and duration of mechanical ventilation, number of organ dysfunction and different scoring systems

	R	P-value
Duration of mechanical ventilation	0.100	0.501
Number of organ dysfunction	0.245	0.086
GCS	−0.387	0.005
APACHE score	0.243	0.089
SOFA score	0.283	0.046

Significant p value < 0.05