Prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in anesthesiologists in Ismailia Governorate

Figures & data

Table 1. Distribution of the studied cases according to the first part (n = 91).

The first part	No. (%)
Sex
Female	30 (33.0%)
Male	61 (67.0%)
Age (years)
Mean ± SD.	35.7 ± 7.73
Median (Min. – Max.)	34 (26–65)
Weight in kg
Mean ± SD.	86.3 ± 16.8
Median (Min. – Max.)	83 (54–130)
Height in cm
Mean ± SD.	172.3 ± 9.32
Median (Min. – Max.)	171 (152–194)
Job level
Resident	21 (23.1%)
Assistant lecturer/Specialist	39 (42.9%)
Lecturer/Consultant	28 (30.8%)
Assistant Professor	1 (1.1%)
Professor	2 (2.2%)
Do you work in anaesthesia, ICU, or both?
Anaesthesia only	29 (31.9%)
ICU only	7 (7.7%)
Both	55 (60.4%)
Years of practice
Mean ± SD.	10.01 ± 7.55
Median (Min. – Max.)	8 (0–40)
Are you Right or left-handed?
Right	87 (95.6%)
Left	4 (4.4%)
Are you a parent?
Yes	62 (68.1%)
No	29 (31.9%)
Number of children
Mean ± SD.	1.49 ± 1.31
Median (Min. – Max.)	2 (0–5)
How many hours/week do you work in average? Including private practice
<40	9 (9.9%)
40–60	38 (41.8%)
60–80	25 (27.5%)
>80	19 (20.9%)

SD: Standard deviation.

Table 2. Distribution of the studied cases according to different parameters (n = 91).

	No. (%)
Have you complained of any of the following? choose all that applies #
Neck Pain	46 (50.5%)
Shoulder Pain	37 (40.7%)
Elbow pain	7 (7.7%)
Wrist pain	15 (16.5%)
Back pain	71 (78.0%)
Hip pain	14 (15.4%)
Knee pain	37 (40.7%)
Ankle pain	17 (18.7%)
Foot pain	26 (28.6%)
How may you describe your pain?
Mild	42 (46.2%)
Moderate	47 (51.6%)
Severe	2 (2.2%)
What is your pain frequency in the last 12 months?
Once/month	11 (12.1%)
Twice/month	9 (9.9%)
Three times/month	5 (5.5%)
Once/week	19 (20.9%)
Twice/week	16 (17.6%)
Three times/week	9 (9.9%)
Daily	18 (19.8%)
Other	4 (4.4%)
Have you ever diagnosed with any of the following? #
Arthritis	17 (18.7%)
Carpal Tunnel syndrome	4 (4.4%)
Disc prolapse	12 (13.2%)
Fibromyalgia	3 (3.3%)
Other musculoskeletal disorders mention below	8 (8.8%)
No	55 (60.4%)
Other	15 (16.5%)
Do you need to see your doctor because of musculoskeletal injury?
Yes	23 (25.3%)
No	68 (74.7%)
Did you need to take any medication for musculoskeletal injury?
Yes	60 (65.9%)
No	31 (34.1%)

Table 3. Risk factors for WRMSDs.

At work, do you need to have excessive bending or twisting of your joints	Always	14 (15.4%)
	Often	27 (29.7%)
	Sometimes	38 (41.8%)
	Rarely	10 (11.0%)
In your work, do you have to lift heavy weights regularly	Yes	15 (16.5%)
	No	76 (83.5%)
Have you ever tripped or fallen at your workplace	Yes	38 (41.8%)
	No	53 (58.2%)
Grade work ergonomics at your workplace	well equipped	17 (18.7%)
	Need improvement	74 (81.3%)
Have you heard about musculoskeletal stretch/strengthening exercises	Yes	56 (61.5%)
	No	35 (38.5%)
Do you do stretch exercises?	Always	3 (3.3%)
	Often	7 (7.7%)
	Sometimes	17 (18.7%)
	Rarely	39 (42.9%)
	Never	25 (27.5%)
How often do you exercise	Never	18 (19.8%)
	Less than once a week	37 (40.7%)
	once/week	15 (16.5%)
	Twice/week	13 (14.3%)
	Three times/week	4 (4.4%)
	More than three times/week but less than seven days a week	4 (4.4%)
Do you optimize patient positioning before intubation?	Always	28 (30.8%)
	Often	27 (29.7%)
	Sometimes	27 (29.7%)
	Rarely	7 (7.7%)
	Never	2 (2.2%)
Do you optimize patient positioning before CVC, arterial line insertions?	Always	30 (33.0%)
	Often	22 (24.2%)
	Sometimes	26 (28.6%)
	Rarely	11 (12.1%)
	Never	2 (2.2%)
Do you optimize patient positioning before spinal/epidural insertion	Always	35 (38.5%)
	Often	27 (29.7%)
	Sometimes	22 (24.2%)
	Rarely	5 (5.5%)
	Never	2 (2.2%)

Table 4. Impact of musculoskeletal disorders.

Difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep.	Always	4 (4.4%)
	Often	11 (12.1%)
	Sometimes	42 (46.2%)
	Rarely	23 (25.3%)
	Never	11 (12.1%)
Felt anxious or low mood in the last year.	Always	10 (11.0%)
	Often	32 (35.2%)
	Sometimes	41 (45.1%)
	Rarely	7 (7.7%)
	Never	1 (1.1%)
Is it work-related	Yes	79 (86.8%)
	No	12 (13.2%)
Sick leave because of musculoskeletal injury	Yes	19 (20.9%)
	No	72 (79.1%)
Need to see a doctor because of a musculoskeletal injury	Yes	23 (25.3%)
	No	68 (74.7%)
need to take any medication for musculoskeletal injury	Paracetamol	53 (58.2%)
	NSAIDS	49 (53.8%)
	Opioid	0 (0%)
	Gabapentinoids	0 (0%)
	N/A	11 (12.1%)
How long do you need pain medications	<1 week	41 (45.1%)
	1–2 weeks	7 (7.7%)
	>2 weeks	10 (11.0%)
	I am on chronic pain medication	4 (4.4%)
	Multiple occasions for a short time	29 (31.9%)
Need to visit a Chronic pain clinic	Yes	14 (15.4%)
	No	77 (84.6%)
Need to have physiotherapy	Yes	34 (37.4%)
	No	57 (62.6%)

Table 5. Relation between musculoskeletal (back) pain different parameters (n = 91).

	Back pain		Test of Sig	p
	No (n = 20)	Yes (n = 71)
	No. (%)	No. (%)
Job level
Resident	4 (20.0%)	17 (23.9%)	χ^2= 2.955	^MCp = 0.571
Assistant lecturer/Specialist	7 (35.0%)	32 (45.1%)
Lecturer/Consultant	8 (40.0%)	20 (28.2%)
Assistant Professor	0 (0.0%)	1 (1.4%)
Professor	1 (5.0%)	1 (1.4%)
Do you work in anaesthesia, ICU, or both?
Anaesthesia only	6 (30.0%)	23 (32.4%)	χ^2= 0.358	0.836
ICU only	1 (5.0%)	6 (8.5%)
Both	13 (65.0%)	42 (59.2%)
Years of practice
Mean ± SD.	11.6 ± 7.39	9.56 ± 7.58	U = 564	0.161
Median (Min. – Max.)	11 [1] − 33)	7 (0–40)
Are you Right or left-handed?
Right	19 (95.0%)	68 (95.8%)	χ^2= 0.022	^FEp = 1.000
Left	1 (5.0%)	3 (4.2%)
Are you a parent?
Yes	15 (75.0%)	47 (66.2%)	χ^2= 0.557	0.456
No	5 (25.0%)	24 (33.8%)
Number of children
Mean ± SD.	1.8 ± 1.4	1.4 ± 1.3	U = 608.5	0.314
Median (Min. – Max.)	2 (0–5)	1 (0–5)
How many hours/week do you work in average? Including private practice
<40	1 (5.0%)	8 (11.3%)	χ^2= 5.073	^MCp = 0.156
40–60	5 (25.0%)	33 (46.5%)
60–80	7 (35.0%)	18 (25.4%)
>80	7 (35.0%)	12 (16.9%)
Do you optimize patient positioning before intubation? (Patient level at xiphisternum)?
Always/Often	12 (60.0%)	43 (60.6%)	χ^2= 0.002	0.999
Sometimes	6 (30.0%)	21 (29.6%)
Rarely/Never	2 (10.0%)	7 (9.9%)

SD:Standard deviation, U: Mann Whitney test,χ2: Chi square test, MC: Monte Carlo, FE: Fisher Exactp:p value for comparison between the studied categories.

Table 6. Relation between musculoskeletal (back) pain different parameters (n = 91) “continue”.

	Back pain		χ^2	p
	No (n = 20)	Yes (n = 71)
	No. (%)	No. (%)
Do you optimize patient positioning before CVC, arterial line insertions? (Position prevents excessive back bending)?
Always/Often	14 (70.0%)	38 (53.5%)	4.422	0.110
Sometimes	2 (10.0%)	24 (33.8%)
Rarely/Never	4 (20.0%)	9 (12.7%)
Do you optimize patient positioning before spinal/epidural insertion?
Always/Often	16 (80.0%)	46 (64.8%)	6.674*	^MCp = 0.020*
Sometimes	1 (5.0%)	21 (29.6%)
Rarely/Never	3 (15.0%)	4 (5.6%)
In your work, do you need to have excessive bending or twisting of your joints
Always/Often	7 (35.0%)	34 (47.9%)	1.542	0.463
Sometimes	9 (45.0%)	29 (40.8%)
Rarely/Never	4 (20.0%)	8 (11.3%)
Do you do stretch exercises?
Always/Often	1 (5.0%)	9 (12.7%)	1.255	^MCp = 0.517
Sometimes	5 (25.0%)	12 (16.9%)
Rarely/Never	14 (70.0%)	50 (70.4%)
How often do you exercise?
Never	4 (20.0%)	14 (19.7%)	3.453	^MCp = 0.614
Less than once a week	8 (40.0%)	29 (40.8%)
Once/Week	2 (10.0%)	13 (18.3%)
Twice/Week	5 (25.0%)	8 (11.3%)
Three times/Week	0 (0.0%)	4 (5.6%)
More than 3 times week but less than 7 days a week	1 (5.0%)	3 (4.2%)

χ²: Chi square testMC: Monte Carlo.

p: p value for comparison between the studied categories.

*Statistically significant at p ≤ 0.05.

Shaikh S Siddiqui, AA, Alshammary, F, Amin, J, Agwan, MA, et al. Musculoskeletal disorders among healthcare workers: prevalence and risk factors in the Arab world. Handbook of Healthcare in the Arab World. 2021;1–39. Crossref. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-74365-3_129-1

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