Aminoglycoside antibiotics as first-line treatment of acute appendicitis and cholecystitis

Figures & data

Table 1. Characteristics of 692 patients with acute appendicitis and cholecystitis.

Characteristic	Acute appendicitis (n = 415)	Acute cholecystitis (n = 277)
Gender
Female	201 (48.8%)	113 (40.8%)
Male	214 (51.6%)	164 (59.2%)
Age group
15–25	110 (26.5%)	5 (1.8%)
26–35	102 (24.6%)	8 (2.9%)
36–45	82 (19.8%)	22 (7.9%)
46–55	35 (8.4%)	41 (14.8%)
>55	86 (20.7%)	201 (72.6%)
Cardiovascular disease
No	358 (86.3%)	106 (38.3%)
Yes	57 (13.7%)	171 (61.7%)
Lung disease
No	398 (95.5%)	233 (84.1%)
Yes	17 (4.1%)	44 (15.9%)
Kidney disease
No	414 (99.8%)	253 (91.3%)
Yes	1 (0.2%)	24 (8.7%)
Neurological disease
No	411 (99.0%)	245 (88.4%)
Yes	4 (1.0%)	32 (11.6%)
Immobility
No	411 (99.0%)	260 (93.9%)
Yes	4 (1.0%)	17 (6.1%)
Cancer
No	413 (99.5%)	264 (95.3%)
Yes	2 (0.5%)	13 (4.7%)
Diabetes type 2
No	406 (97.8%)	230 (83.0%)
Yes	9 (2.2%)	47 (17.0%)
Other diseases
No	369 (88.9%)	203 (73.3%)
Yes	46 (11.1%)	74 (26.7%)
ASA Score
I	227 (55.5%)	30 (11.3%)
II	152 (37.2%)	101 (38.0%)
III	27 (6.6%)	117 (40.0%)
IV	3 (0.7%)	18 (6.8%)
Complications
no	351 (84.6%)	235 (84.8%)
yes	64 (15.4%)	42 (15.2%)
Aminoglycoside therapy
Aminoglycoside therapy	319 (76.9%)	57 (20.6%)
No aminoglycoside therapy	96 (23.1%)	220 (79.4%)
Aminoglycoside therapy duration
Mean (SD)	3.04 (1.97)	5.28 (2.81)
Median (Q1, Q3)	3.00 (1.00, 4.00)	5.00 (3.00, 7.00)
Min-Max	1.00 − 11.00	1.00 − 17.00

Figure 1. Postoperative complications (in %) in patients with acute cholecystitis and appendicitis.

Table 2. Risk factors for complications – acute cholecystitis.

	No (N = 235)	Yes (N = 42)	p Value
Gender			0.467
female	98 (41.7%)	15 (35.7%)
male	137 (58.3%)	27 (64.3%)
Age group			0.011
15–25	5 (2.1%)	0 (0.0%)
26–35	8 (3.4%)	0 (0.0%)
36–45	22 (9.4%)	0 (0.0%)
46–55	39 (16.6%)	2 (4.8%)
55+	161 (68.5%)	40 (952%)
BMI			0.146
Median (SD)	27.62 (5.10)	25.38 (4.92%)
Median (Q1, Q3)	26.75 (24.37, 29.88)	24.40 (21.63, 29.07)
Min–Max	19.20 − 50.30	18.80 − 35.20
Cardiovascular disease			<0.001
No	101 (43.0%)	5 (11.9%)
Yes	134 (57.0%)	37 (88.1%)
Lung disease			<0.001
No	205 (87.2%)	28 (66.7%)
Yes	30 (12.8%)	14 (33.3%)
Kidney disease			<0.001
No	222 (94.5%)	31 (73.8%)
Yes	13 (5.5%)	11 (26.2%)
Neurological disease			0.547
No	209 (88.9%)	36 (85.7%)
Yes	26 (11.1%)	6 (14.3%)
Immobility			0.321
No	222 (94.5%)	38 (90.5%)
Yes	13 (5.5%)	4 (9.5%)
Cancer			0.001
No	228 (97.0%)	36 (85.7%)
Yes	7 (3.0%)	6 (14.3%)
Diabetes type 2			0.955
No	195 (83.0%)	35 (83.3%)
Yes	40 (17.0%)	7 (16.7%)
Other diseases			0.070
No	177 (75.3%)	26 (61.9%)
Yes	58 (24.7%)	16 (38.1%)
ASA Score			<0.001
I	30 (13.2%)	0 (0.0%)
II	92 (40.5%)	9 (23.1%)
III	97 (42.7%)	20 (51.3%)
IV	8 (3.5%)	10 (25.6%)
Aminoglycoside therapy			0.574
Aminoglycoside therapy	47 (20.0%)	10 (23.8%)
No aminoglycoside therapy	188 (80.0%)	32 (76.2%)

Table 3. Risk factors for complications – acute appendicitis.

	No (N = 351)	Yes (N = 64)	p Value
Gender			0.587
female	172 (49.0%)	29 (45.3%)
male	179 (51.0%)	35 (54.7%)
Age group			0.016
15-25	95 (27.1%)	15 (23.4%)
26-35	90 (25.6%)	12 (18.8%)
36-45	74 (21.1%)	8 (12.5%)
46-55	24 (6.8%)	11 (17.2%)
55+	68 (19.4%)	18 (28.1%)
Cardiovascular disease			0.271
No	300 (96.6%)	58 (90.6%)
Yes	51 (14.5%)	6 (9.4%)
Lung disease			0.103
No	339 (96.6%)	59 (92.2%)
Yes	12 (3.4%)	5 (7.8%)
Kidney disease			0.019
No	351 (100.0%)	63 (98.4%)
Yes	0 (0.0%)	1 (1.6%)
Neurological disease			0.391
No	347 (98.9%)	64 (100.0%)
Yes	4 (1.1%)	0 (0.0%)
Immobility			0.391
No	347 (98.9%)	64 (100.0%)
Yes	4 (1.1%)	0 (0.0%)
Cancer			0.175
No	350 (99.7%)	63 (98.4%)
Yes	1 (0.3%)	1 (1.6%)
Diabetes type 2			0.568
No	344 (98.0%)	62 (96.9%)
Yes	7 (2.0%)	2 (3.1%)
Other diseases			0.968
No	312 (88.9%)	57 (89.1%)
Yes	39 (11.1%)	7 (10.9%)
ASA Score			<0.001
I	202 (58.2%)	25 (40.3%)
II	123 (35.4%)	29 (46.8%)
III	22 (6.3%)	5 (8.1%)
IV	0 (0.0%)	3 (4.8%)
Aminoglycoside therapy			0.561
Aminoglycoside therapy	268 (76.4%)	51 (79.7%)
No aminoglycoside therapy	83 (23.6%)	13 (20.3%)

Figure 2. Creatinine on admission and discharge in patients with acute cholecystitis and acute appendicitis treated with aminoglycoside antibiotics and other antibiotic regimens.

Data availability statement

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author, Professor Dr. Bojana Beović, upon request.