Pro-oxidative challenges and antioxidant protection during larval development of non-mulberry silkworm, Antheraea mylitta (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae)

Figures & data

Figure 1. Changes in (a), lipid peroxidation (nmol MDA/mg protein) in whole-body homogenate of early larval stages and (b), lipid peroxidation level in serum and midgut of 4th and 5th instar larvae of Antheraea mylitta. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 6). Means having superscripts of different letters [lower case (a–c): early larva and midgut; upper case (A–B): serum] represent a significant difference from each other within identical tissue (p < 0.05).

Figure 2. Changes in hydrogen peroxide content (nmol/mg protein) in (a), whole-body homogenate of early larval stages and (b), serum and midgut of 4th and 5th instar of Antheraea mylitta. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 6). Means having superscripts of different letters [lower case (a–c): early larva and midgut; upper case (A–B): serum] represent a significant difference from each other within identical tissue (p < 0.05).

Figure 3. Changes in superoxide dismutase activity (units/mg protein) in (a), whole-body homogenate of early larval stages and (b), serum and midgut of 4th and 5th instar. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 6). Means having superscripts of different letters [lower case (a–c): early larva and midgut; upper case (A–B): serum] represent a significant difference from each other within identical tissue (p < 0.05).

Figure 4. Changes in catalase activity (pkat/mg protein) in (a), whole-body homogenate of early larval stages and (b), midgut of 4th and 5th instar larvae. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 6). Means having superscripts of different lower case letters (a–c) represent a significant difference from each other within identical tissue (p < 0.05).

Figure 5. Changes in glutathione S-transferase activity (nmol CDNB conjugate formed/min/mg protein) in (a), whole-body homogenate of early larval stages and (b), serum and midgut of 4th and 5th instar larvae. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 6). Means having superscripts of different letters [lower case (a–b): early larva and midgut; upper case (A–B): serum] represent a significant difference from each other within identical tissue (p < 0.05).

Figure 6. Changes in glutathione content (µmol/g tissue wet wt) in (a), whole-body homogenate of early larval stages and (b), GSH content in serum (µmol/mL) and midgut (µmol/g tissue wet wt) of 4th and 5th instar. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 6). Means having superscripts of different letters [lower case (a–b): early larva and midgut; upper case (A–B): serum] represent a significant difference from each other within identical tissue (p < 0.05).

Figure 7. Changes in ascorbic acid content in whole-body homogenate (µg/g tissue wet wt) of (a), early larval stages and (b), serum (µg/mL) and midgut (µg/g tissue wet wt) of 4th and 5th instar. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 6). Means having superscripts of different letters [lower case (a–b): early larva and midgut; upper case (A–B): serum] represent a significant difference from each other within identical tissue (p < 0.05).

Table I. Protein content, total phenolics, ascorbic acid, glutathione and hydrogen peroxide level in the leaf of the host plant, Terminalia arjuna. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 6).

Host plant	Protein (mg/g leaf dry wt)	Total phenolics (mg/g leaf dry wt)	Ascorbic acid (mg/g leaf dry wt)	Glutathione (µmol/g leaf dry wt)	Hydrogen peroxide (nmol/g leaf wet wt)
T. arjuna	16.841 ± 0.467	7.685 ± 0.313	0.936 ± 0.014	4.018 ± 0.101	2.093 ± 0.020

Figure 8. Linear regression analysis of glutathione content (µmol/g tissue wet wt) versus superoxide dismutase activity (units/mg protein) in the whole-body homogenate of Antheraea mylitta.

Figure 9. Linear regression analysis of (a), ascorbic acid content (µg/g tissue wet wt) versus hydrogen peroxide content (nmol/mg protein) and (b), glutathione (µmol/g tissue wet wt) versus hydrogen peroxide content (nmol/mg protein) in the whole-body homogenate of Antheraea mylitta.