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Abstract
The boreal macrobioclimate in North America spreads throughout a vast territory framed in the north by the polar (arctic) area and in the south by the temperate macrobioclimate. Biogeography, bioclimates (thermotypes and ombrotypes), and continentality make possible a high diversity of boreal vegetation, which in their mature dynamical stages is always represented by a conifer forest vegetation structured by trees. The climactical forests of the recognized vegetation series belong to a two well-differentiated phytosociological classes: Linnaeo americanae-Piceetea marianae and Tsugetea mertensiano-heterophyllae. We present in this special publication a synthesis on boreal macrobioclimate in North America and the checklist of the boreal vegetation series recognized throughout the North American territories including their full geobotanical diagnosis and their syntaxonomical scheme.
Acknowledgments
We thank Stephen S. Talbot (US Fish and Wildlife Service at Anchorage, AK, USA), Torre and Janet Jorgenson (Arctic Natural Wildlife Refuge, AK, USA), Martha K. Raynolds (University of Alaska at Fairbanks), and the Institute of Arctic Biology – Toolik Field Station for their strong support and help during the summer field trips to the Alaskan arctoboreal territories. Finally, to the Arctic Council (Conservation of the Arctic Flora and Fauna, CAFF, Flora Group) for supporting the participation of DSM to the Circum Boreal Vegetation Mapping Project (CBVM) meetings and workshops during the last years, and to J.M. Pizarro for the original design of the bioclimatic and biogeographical maps.