Quality of life in Brazilian elderly: an analysis of healthy aging from the perspective of Potter's global bioethics

Figures & data

Table 1. Sociodemographic profile of the sample.

Questions	Answers	Absolute n	Percentage n
Gender	Female Male	210 70	75 25
Age range	60–64 65–69 70–74 75–79 80–89 >90	105 79 52 29 13 2	37.5 28.2 18.6 10.4 4.6 0.7
Who you live with	Spouse Family Alone Other	149 68 55 8	53.2 24.3 19.6 2.9
Marital status	Single Married, stable union Separated; Divorced Widower	23 172 54 31	8.2 61.4 19.3 11.1
Schooling	Illiterate E.F.I. E.F.C E.M.I. E.M.C. E.S.I. E.S.C. Graduate	0 3 6 8 33 22 84 124	0 1.1 2.1 2.9 11.8 7.9 30 44.3
Paid work	Yes No	118 162	42.1 57.9
Volunteer work	Yes No	113 150	43 57
Monthly income	1–2 S.M. 3–4 S.M. 5–6 S.M. 7 or S.M. I don't want to inform	33 46 53 104 44	11.8 16.4 18.9 37.1 15.7
Region in which you live	South Southeast Central-West Northeast North	128 95 11 28 8	47.4 35.2 4.1 10.4 3

E.F.I., Incomplete Elementary School; E.F.C., Complete Elementary School; E.M.I., Incomplete High School; E.M.C., Complete High School; E.S.I., Incomplete Higher Education; E.S.C., Complete E.S. S.M., Minimum Wage.

Table 2. Spearman correlation of total QOL interrelation and facets.

WHOQOL-Old	TOTAL	FS	AUT	PPF	PSO	MEM	INT
TOTAL
FS	0.606**
AUT	0.627**	0.360**
PPF	0.752**	0.311**	0.484**
PSO	0.772**	0.352**	0.466**	0.728**
MEM	0.530**	0.222**	0.075	0.192**	0.203**
INT	0.672**	0.363**	0.389**	0.542**	0.532**	0.108

FS, Sense functioning; AUT, autonomy; PPF, Past, Present and future activity; PSO, social participation; MEM, death and dying; INT, intimacy.

**Significant correlation at 0.01.

Table 3. WHOQOL-Old result by facet and total score, with mean and standard deviation.

WHOQOL-Old	Average ± Standard Deviation	Average Percentage
FS	17.22 ± 2.80	86%
AUT	15.7 ± 2.60	78.5%
PPF	15.46 ± 2.34	77.3%
PSO	14.99 ± 2.62	74.9%
MEM	14.33 ± 3.88	71.6%
INT	15.82 ± 2.82	79.1%
Total	15.59 ± 1.86	77.9%

FS, Sense functioning; AUT, autonomy; PPF, Past present and future activity; PSO, social participation; MEM, death and dying; INT, intimacy.

Table 4. WHOQOL-Old result by gender according to facet and total score, with mean and standard deviation.

WHOQOL-Old	Gender	Average ± Standard Deviation	Average Percentage
FS	Female Male	17.39 ± 2.66 16.74 ± 3.16	86.9% 83.7%
AUT	Female Male	15.85 ± 2.51 15.24 ± 2.82	79.2% 76.2%
PPF	Female Male	15.58 ± 2.28 15.11 ± 2.49	77.9% 75.5%
PSO	Female Male	15.12 ± 2.48 14.59 ± 2.96	75.6% 72.9%
MEM	Female Male	13.90* ± 4.00 15.64* ±3.17	69.5% 78.2%
INT	Female Male	16.00 ± 2.75 15.31 ± 2.99	80% 76.5%
TOTAL	Female Male	93.84 ± 10.35 92.64 ± 13.40	78.2% 77.2%

FS, Sense functioning; AUT, autonomy; PPF, Past present and future activity; PSO, social participation; MEM, death and dying; INT, intimacy.

Table 5. WHOQOL-Old result by age group according to analyzed facet and total score, mean and standard deviation.

Age group	FS	AUT	PPF	PSO	MEM	INT	TOTAL
60–64	17.23 ± 2.79	15.63 ± 2.95	15.13 ± 2.49	14.51 ± 2.62	13.86 ± 3.81	15.70 ± 3.09	92.06 ± 11.73
65–69	17.40 ± 2.57	15.74 ± 2.21	15.72 ± 1.94	15.15 ± 2.25	14.18 ± 3.74	15.81 ± 2.50	94.02 ± 9.81
70–74	17.55 ± 2.32	15.98 ± 2.07	15.63 ± 2.48	15.62 ± 2.86	14.82 ± 4.17	16.26 ± 2.25	95.88 ± 10.53
75–79	17.86 ± 2.40	16.00 ± 1.94	15.79 ± 2.21	15.59 ± 2.75	15.06 ± 4.07	16.24 ± 3.19	96.55 ± 9.35
80–89	13.69*±4.46	14.53 ± 4.29	15.38 ± 3.06	14.00 ± 2.94	15.30 ± 3.70	14.38 ± 3.59	87.30 ± 17.28
>90	15.0 ± 1.41	13.00 ± 4.24	14.50 ± 0.70	15.00 ± 1.41	15.50 ± 3.53	15.00 ± 1.41	88.00 ± 2.82

FS, Sense functioning; AUT, autonomy; PPF, Past present and future activity; PSO, social participation; MEM, death and dying; INT, intimacy.

*Significant difference p < 0.05, ±standard deviation.

Table 6. Mean comparisons test (ANOVA with Bonferroni correction) of WHOQOL-Old by marital status.

Marital status	FS	AUT	PPF	PSO	MEM	INT	TOTAL
Married; stable union	17.63 ± 2.40	15.79 ± 2.33	15.68 ± 1.97	15.28 ± 2.27	14.45 ± 3.65	16.42 ± 2.50	95.24 ± 9.75
Separated; divorced	16.34* ±3.14	15.24 ± 3.18	14.50* ±3.01	14.20* ±3.23	14.61 ± 4.18	14.53* ±2.71	89.51* ±14.26
Single	16.34 ± 2.96	15.26 ± 2.68	15.30 ± 2.16	14.17 ± 2.38	13.08 ± 4.06	14.47* ±3.04	88.65* ±10.30
Widower	17.03 ± 3.71	16.32 ± 2.82	16.09 ± 2.62	15.35 ± 3.06	14.16 ± 4.40	15.77 ± 3.04	94.74 ± 10.84

FS, Sense functioning; AUT, autonomy; PPF, Past present and future activity; PSO, social participation; MEM, death and dying; INT, intimacy.

*Significant difference p < 0.05 compared to married, ±standard deviation.

Table 7. Mean comparisons test (ANOVA with Bonferroni correction) of WHOQOL-Old accordind to those who live with.

Who you live with	FS	AUT	PPF	PSO	MEM	INT	TOTAL
Spouse	17.63* ±2.43	15.95* ±2.28	15.73 ± 1.99	15.45* ±2.20	14.44 ± 3.72	16.59* ±2.53	95.79* ± 9.82
Family	16.41* ±3.43	14.91* ±3.07	14.95 ± 2.49	14.09* ±2.81	14.44 ± 3.83	14.91* ±3.09	89.72* ±12.31
Other	16.12 ± 3.90	15.87 ± 3.27	13.62 ± 2.26	13.38 ± 3.46	15.25 ± 4.39	15.87 ± 1.45	90.12 ± 12.02
Alone	17.30 ± 2.52	15.94 ± 2.57	15.63 ± 2.83	15.09 ± 2.96	13.78 ± 4.31	14.89 ± 3.06	92.65 ± 11.82

FS, Sense functioning; AUT, autonomy; PPF, Past present and future activity; PSO, social participation; MEM, death and dying; INT, intimacy.

*Significant difference p < 0.05, ±standard deviation.