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Article; Agriculture and Environmental Biotechnology

Bacillus safensis LAU 13: a new source of keratinase and its multi-functional biocatalytic applications

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Pages 54-63 | Received 21 Jun 2014, Accepted 22 Jul 2014, Published online: 01 Dec 2014

Figures & data

Figure 1. Kinetics of KA (KA) and pH change during the growth of B. safensis LAU 13 wild-type and mutant strain.

Figure 1. Kinetics of KA (KA) and pH change during the growth of B. safensis LAU 13 wild-type and mutant strain.

Figure 2. Effect of pH on the KA of B. safensis LAU 13 wild-type and mutant strain.

Figure 2. Effect of pH on the KA of B. safensis LAU 13 wild-type and mutant strain.

Figure 3. Effect of temperature on the KA of B. safensis LAU 13 wild-type and mutant strain.

Figure 3. Effect of temperature on the KA of B. safensis LAU 13 wild-type and mutant strain.

Figure 4. Effect of metal ions on the KA of B. safensis LAU 13 wild-type and mutant strain.

Figure 4. Effect of metal ions on the KA of B. safensis LAU 13 wild-type and mutant strain.

Figure 5. Complete degradation of a whole feather by B. safensis LAU 13.

Figure 5. Complete degradation of a whole feather by B. safensis LAU 13.

Figure 6. Complete dehairing of goat skin by crude keratinase. Note: Dehairing by wild-type strain after 16 h (A) and by mutant strain after 12 h (B); incomplete dehairing by sodium sulphide and lime after 20 h (C) and control (D).

Figure 6. Complete dehairing of goat skin by crude keratinase. Note: Dehairing by wild-type strain after 16 h (A) and by mutant strain after 12 h (B); incomplete dehairing by sodium sulphide and lime after 20 h (C) and control (D).

Figure 7. Destaining of blood-stained cloth by crude keratinases. Note: Destaining blood by the wild-type strain after 3 h of incubation (A), by the mutant strain after 2 h of incubation (B) vs. a control (C) incubated in water.

Figure 7. Destaining of blood-stained cloth by crude keratinases. Note: Destaining blood by the wild-type strain after 3 h of incubation (A), by the mutant strain after 2 h of incubation (B) vs. a control (C) incubated in water.