Evaluation of dentinal defect formation after root canal preparation with two reciprocating systems and hand instruments: an in vitro study

Figures & data

Figure 1. Representative microscopic image showing (a) ‘no defect’ at 3 mm level, (b) ‘partial crack’ at 3 mm level, (c) ‘craze line’ at 6 mm level and (d) ‘fracture’ at 3 mm level.

Figure 2. Distribution of number of dentinal defects at 3 mm root level (more than one defect per slice was possible).

Figure 3. Distribution of number of dentinal defects at 6 mm root level (more than one defect per slice was possible).

Figure 4. Distribution of number of dentinal defects at 9 mm root level (more than one defect per slice was possible).

Table 1. Numbers of teeth presenting dentinal defects in different cross-sectional slices.

	Root levels
Groups	3 mm dentinal defect	6 mm dentinal defect	9 mm dentinal defect
Hand instrumentation n = 15	5	2	4
WaveOne® n = 15	5	5	2
RECIPROC® n = 15	7	5	1
Control	0	0	0
P value	0.032*	0.058	0.129

*p < 0.05