Hepatoprotective effect of diffractaic acid on carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage in rats

Figures & data

Table 1. Experimental design: applications of diffractaic acid for each group of Wistar rats.

Treatments
Group	N	Experimental design	DA dose (mg/kg)
1	8	Negative control (healthy) (0.2 mL/kg physiological saline) (PS)	–
2	8	Positive control (0.2 mL/kg CCl4)	–
3	8	CCl4 (0.2 mL/kg) + DA	50
4	8	CCl4 (0.2 mL/kg) + DA	100
5	8	CCl4 (0.2 mL/kg) + DA	200

Note: N: number of rats; DA: diffractaic acid.

Figure 1. Chemical structure of diffractaic acid.

Table 2. Biochemical parameters in CCl₄-treated mice.

Groups	AST (mg/dL)	ALT (mg/dL)	GGT (mg/dL)	CRP (mg/dL)
Healthy	130.53 ± 16.08	30.82 ± 3.5	1.08 ± 0.21	1.98 ± 0.29
CCl4	301.85 ± 74.10*	55.84 ± 7.75*	1.56 ± 0.33*	1.84 ± 0.13
CCl4 + DA (50 mg/kg)	181.52 ± 24.06*	39.47 ± 4.21*	1.35 ± 0.52*	1.25 ± 0.17*
CCl4 + DA (100 mg/kg)	296.04 ± 65.50	56.02 ± 12.06	1.66 ± 0.51	1.34 ± 0.26*
CCl4 + DA (200 mg/kg)	335.03 ± 105.85	83.54 ± 13.56*	2.86 ± 0.54*	2.11 ± 0.31*
	Urea (mg/dL)	Creatinine (mg/dL)	Bilirubin (mg/dL)
Healthy	52.16 ± 2.54	0.54 ± 0.03	0.12 ± 0.02
CCl4	58.31 ± 3.01	0.54 ± 0.01	0.13 ± 0.02
CCl4 + DA (50 mg/kg)	57.45 ± 7.84	0.52 ± 0.02	0.08 ± 0.01*
CCl4 + DA (100 mg/kg)	58.76 ± 5.82	0.54 ± 0.02	0.08 ± 0.01*
CCl4 + DA (200 mg/kg)	83.82 ± 10.34*	0.56 ± 0.03	0.09 ± 0.02*

Note: All values represent means ± SEM in each group. The positive control (CCl₄) group was compared with the negative control (healthy) group; other groups were compared with the CCl₄ group.

*Statistically different from control at p < 0.05.

DA: diffractaic acid.

Figure 2. Histopathological lesions in the liver tissue. (A, B) Hepatocytic degeneration and multifocal areas of necrosis in the positive control (CCl₄-treated) group; (C–F) groups treated with diffractaic acid: (C, D) 50 mg/kg, (E) 100 mg/kg and (F) 200 mg/kg.