Determination of the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils of Teucrium polium and Achillea millefolium grown under North Anatolian ecological conditions

Figures & data

Figure 1. Location of the Ardahan region. Map data: US Dept of State Geographer © 2015 Google © 2015 Basarsoft Image Landsat.

Table 1. Essential oil composition of T. polium and A. millefolium subsp. millefolium.

T. polium from Çıldır Lake (1970 m)			A. millefolium subsp. millefolium from Göle region (2080 m)
RT (min)	Component	Quantity (%)	RT (min)	Component	Quantity (%)
9.30	α-pinene	0.91	9.38	α-pinene	7.41
9.45	α-thujene	1.35	13.17	β-pinene	5.67
13.07	β-pinene	0.74	13.77	Sabinene	2.38
13.83	β-phellandrene	10.77	18.16	1,8-cineole	22.83
15.88	Myrcene	2.50	19.95	γ-terpinene	1.62
17.68	Limonene	5.86	21.19	p-cymene	0.93
36.61	(Z)-β-farnesene	15.49	28.68	β-thujone	1.31
38.41	Germacrene D	9.69	29.87	Unknown	3.72
38.62	β-bisabolene	2.33	31.75	Camphor	3.38
38.76	δ-cadinene	0.85	33.83	Bornyl acetate	1.17
47.52	α-farnesene	10.71	34.50	β-caryophyllene	2.59
49.18	β-gurjunene	7.50	34.61	Terpinen-4-ol	4.50
52.45	Ledene	6.33	37.69	α-terpineol	3.02
53.12	β-selinene	2.19	37.93	Borneol	1.57
Total		77.22	46.64	Caryophyllene oxide	1.50
			50.57	α-elemene	1.57
			52.70	α-selinene	1.46
			53.00	β-selinene	2.95
			54.77	Unknown	1.88
			56.50	Unknown	1.77
			Total		73.23

Note: Retention time (RT).

Table 2. Antimicrobial activity (inhibition zones) of the essential oils from T. polium and A. millefolium subsp. millefolium.

Micro-organisms	Ampicillin	T. polium	A. millefolium subsp. millefolium
	Inhibition zone (mm)
MRSA	14 ± 0	15 ± 0	21 ± 0.7
S. aureus ATCC 6538	56 ± 0	12 ± 0.35	14 ± 0.7
P. aeruginosa	9 ± 0.35	15 ± 0.7	10 ± 0
E. coli Q157:H7	34 ± 0	11 ± 0	11 ± 0
B. cereus CCM 99	19 ± 0	14 ± 0.7	12 ± 0

Note: Results are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD); methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA).