The addition of submergence-tolerant Sub1 gene into high yielding MR219 rice variety and analysis of its BC₂F₃ population in terms of yield and yield contributing characters to select advance lines as a variety

Figures & data

Table 1. Different parameters used in this study.

Sl no.	Traits under study	Measurement method
1	PHT (plant height, cm)	The average height of 10 plants from the base to the tip of flag leaf
2	PL (panicle length, cm),	The average length of 10 panicles from the base (first node) to the tip of last spikelet
3	Percentage of filled grains per panicle	Calculated by dividing the total filled grains to the total panicle number
4	NT/H (number of tillers per hill, no.)	Counting of the tillers per hill
5	DM (days to maturity, day) The number of days from cultivation to maturing day	The number of days from cultivation to maturing day
6	NP/H (number of panicles per hill, no.	Counting of the panicles per hill
7	Grain length (mm)	Measured on 20 grains by Vernier Caliper
8	Grain width (mm)	Measured on 20 grains by Vernier Caliper
9	Y/H (yield per hill, g)	Weighing the total grains per hill
10	D/F (days of 50% flowering, days)	The number of days for 50% flowering counted
11	1000 GW/H (1000)	One thousand seeds were counted and weighed

GW/H, grain weight per hill.

Figure 1. Gel picture of BC₂F₁ generation using foreground marker RM8300 as closely linked Sub1 marker.

Figure 2. Graphical genotype of BC₂F₂ population (P12-2-49) using background markers including Sub1-linked marker. The distances were represented in cM based on published map of Neeraja et al. [10].

Table 2. ANOVA table for 11 morphological characters.

Sources of variation	DF	Plant height (cm)	Days to maturity (days)	No. of tiller/hill	Panicle length (cm)	Panicle/hill	% of filled grain	Grain length	Grain width	Yield/hill (g)	Days to 50% flowering	1000 filled grain wt. (g)
Replications	3	8.78	5.01	48.10	1.43	86.66	12.26	0.0008	0.00006	40.04	22.17	0.006
Lines	30	99.18**	60.40**	76.1**	48.55**	67.74**	128.43*	0.0008^NS	0.0007^NS	83.89*	123.31**	0.009^NS
Error	90	13.90	9.57	12.54	8.14	11.77	17.81	0.00001	0.00002	9.32	20.31	0.0003
Corrected total	123

*′**′ significant at p ≤ 0.01 and p ≤ 0.05, respectively, and NS denotes non-significant.

Table 3. Yield and yield contributing traits of 30 selected advance lines derived from UPM3-BC₂F₂-34.

Lines	Plant height (cm)	Days to maturity	Tiller no./hill	Panicle length (cm)	NoP/hill	Filled grain %	GrL	GrW	Yield/hill (g)	50% FL	1000 gw (g)
MR219	96.74abcd	118abc	22.6abc	25.12abcd	32.2ab	70.4abcd	9.810a	2.044a	72.16ab	88abc	27.12a
L1	108.28a	113.4bc	19.2abcd	21.21cd	25.2abc	74.8ab	9.810a	2.046a	61.78abc	90.2abc	27.10a
L2	95.90abcd	117.4abc	21.2abcd	23.93abcd	27.2abc	72.4abcd	9.810a	2.036a	64.06abc	80abc	27.28a
L3	107.62ab	115.6bc	17.4abcd	21.96bcd	27.6abc	71.8abcd	9.810a	2.046a	62.12abc	81.4abc	27.30a
L4	97.34abcd	116.2abc	23.2abcd	21.90bcd	35.2a	65.6abcd	9.806a	2.046a	62.18abc	85.6abc	27.22a
L5	91.98d	114bc	18.8abcd	21.83cd	28.4abc	70.6abcd	9.806a	2.046a	65.44abc	92.2abc	27.06a
L6	94.14abcd	115.4bc	19.8abcd	23.38abcd	25.8abc	72.6abcd	9.810a	2.040a	64.06abc	76.2c	27.37a
L7	95.36abcd	117.2abc	26.4abcd	24.49abcd	33.8ab	71.4abcd	9.810a	2.040a	72.78a	85.8abc	26.68a
L8	96.50abcd	113.4bc	19.6abcd	26.12abc	29.2abc	71.8abcd	9.806a	2.040a	66.46abc	88.8abc	27.06a
L9	92.74bc	115.4bc	23.4abc	19.924cd	33ab	66abcd	9.802a	2.046a	64.21abc	83abc	27.32a
L10	96.04abcd	116.8abc	22.2abcd	23.05abcd	32ab	67abcd	9.810a	2.040a	65.61abc	91abc	27.18a
L11	97.58abcd	116.4abc	20.6abcd	18.47d	28.2abc	71abcd	9.810a	2.036a	60.93bc	90.6abc	26.52a
L12	102.26abcd	119.6abc	23.6abc	22.04bcd	32ab	67.8abcd	9.810a	2.038a	66.81abc	89.4abc	27.20a
L13	98.06abcd	119.4abc	25.6ab	24.66abcd	23bc	70.8abcd	9.806a	2.038a	67.88abc	88.6abc	27.08a
L14	95.54abcd	113.4bc	24.2abc	24.77abcd	33ab	65abcd	9.806a	2.038a	64.57abc	84abc	26.92a
L15	99.74abcd	120.8ab	21.4abcd	24.76abcd	28abc	73.4abc	9.810a	2.038a	61.82abc	86.4abc	27.30a
L16	94.82abcd	115abc	19.2abcd	22.38bcd	30.6abc	68.8abcd	9.810a	2.036a	68.56abc	86.8abc	27.06a
L17	97.34abcd	115.6bc	20.4abcd	21.34cd	26.2abc	74abc	9.806a	2.038a	60.38bc	92abc	26.80a
L18	93.88abcd	119.4abc	19.2abcd	23.25abcd	28.8abc	69abcd	9.810a	2.038a	64.18abc	87abc	26.90a
L19	98.30abcd	115bc	17.6abcd	21.19cd	25.2abc	59.6cd	9.802a	2.044a	61.94abc	93ab	26.60a
L20	96.91abcd	116abc	17.8abcd	24.10abcd	27.8abc	76.2ab	9.810a	2.038a	60.56bc	77.6bc	27.38a
L21	93.24bcd	112.6bc	17.8bcd	23.76abcd	23.8bc	59.6cd	9.810a	2.038a	62.01abc	95.8a	26.90a
L22	89.10d	114bc	22.2abcd	22.22bcd	28.8abc	59.6cd	9.806a	2.044a	66.60abc	84.8abc	27.30a
L23	107.62abc	116.2abc	21.4abcd	29.79a	27abc	66.8abcd	9.806a	2.038a	63.61abc	89.8abc	27.00a
L24	96.82abcd	115.6bc	25.8abcd	20.03cd	25.4abc	68.2abcd	9.806a	2.040a	67.42abc	86.2abc	26.98a
L25	97.12abcd	124.4a	21abcd	24.92abcd	30.4abc	67abcd	9.810a	2.038a	63.61abc	85.6abc	27.04a
L26	94.30abcd	112.6bc	22abcd	22.57abcd	28abc	73.2abcd	9.802a	2.038a	65.71abc	92.2abc	27.16a
L27	95.36abcd	114bc	19.5abcd	24.85abcd	25.2abc	59.6cd	9.806a	2.040a	64.54abc	95.8a	26.70a
L28	92.50d	112c	15d	21.86cd	20.8c	73.4abc	9.810a	2.042a	59.02c	90.2abc	27.28a
L29	94.12abcd	118.8abc	18.2abcd	23.23abcd	29.6abc	78.6a	9.810a	2.042a	63.87abc	81.4abc	27.08a
L30	93.88abcd	116.2abc	21abcd	29.26ab	29.8abc	58.2d	9.810a	2.046a	65.44abc	91.4abc	26.96a
Mean	96.81	116.1	20.9	23.30	28.4	68.8	9.808	2.04	64.53	87.4	27.06
cv%		6.3	21.4	12.98	15.6	7.9	0.067	0.41	7.51	7.5	2.26

Means with different lower case letters are significantly different at p < 0.05 with Tukey test. GrL, grain length; GrW, grain weight; FL, 50% flowering; gw, grain weight.

Table 4. Estimation of genetic variables of 11 morphological characteristics of selected lines derived from UPM3-BC₂F₂-34.

Traits	Mean	MSG	MSE	${\sigma }_{\mathrm{G}}^2$	${\sigma }_{\mathrm{p}}^2$	PCV	GCV	$h_{\mathrm{B}}^2$	GA
Plant height (cm)	96.81	97.18	7.18	22.50	29.68	5.63	4.90	0.76	8.79
Days to maturity (days)	116.1	35.41	3.02	8.10	11.11	2.87	2.45	0.73	4.31
Number of tiller/hill	20.9	71.10	5.01	16.52	21.53	22.20	19.45	0.77	35.10
Panicle length (cm)	23.3	28.84	2.32	6.63	8.95	12.84	11.05	0.74	19.59
Panicle/hill	28.4	78.14	7.11	17.76	24.87	17.56	14.84	0.71	25.83
Percentage of filled grain	68.8	163.12	15.11	37.00	52.11	10.49	8.84	0.71	15.35
Yield/hill (g)	64.53	158.89	8.32	37.64	45.96	10.51	9.51	0.82	17.72
Days to 50% flowering	87.4	117.21	12.01	26.30	38.31	7.08	5.87	0.69	10.02

MSG, mean square of genotypes; MSE, mean square of the error; ${\sigma }_{\mathrm{G}}^2$, genotypic variance; ${\sigma }_{\mathrm{p}}^2$, phenotypic variance; $h_{\mathrm{B}}^2$, heritability estimate.

Figure 3. The dendrogram of advance lines with recurrent parent MR219 based on 11 yield and yield contributing characteristics showing different groups.

Figure 4. Three-dimensional plots of PCA indicating the 30 advance lines with MR219 based on 11 morphological characters.

Table 5. Advance line with MR219 based on 11 yield contributing factors according to cluster.

Group	Lines
Cluster Ι	MR219, L2, L4, L5, L6, L7, L8, L9, L10, L12, L13, L15, L14, L16, L18, L20, L22, L25, L24, L26, L29
Cluster ΙΙ	L11, L17, L19, L21, L27
Cluster ΙΙΙ	L23, L30
Cluster ΙV	L1, L3, L28

Table 6. Eigen vectors and Eigen values of first four components of PCA.

Variables	PC1	PC2	PC3	PC4
Eigenvalue	2.3940	2.0339	1.5077	1.2432
Proportion (%)	21.8	18.5	13.7	11.3
Cumulative (%)	21.8	40.3	54.0	65.3
Days to maturity	−0.35418	−0.18731	0.129027	−0.42328
Plant height	0.085631	−0.18307	−0.27305	−0.70621
Tiller number	−0.50993	0.113602	−0.18442	−0.00253
Number of panicles/hill	−0.48473	−0.02714	−0.26059	0.159828
Panicle length	−0.20306	0.105512	0.111631	−0.41548
Filled grain (%)	0.024222	−0.51147	0.199435	−0.10226
Days of 50% flowering	0.212306	0.561237	−0.11529	−0.18992
Grain length	−0.11194	−0.01957	0.588174	0.102998
Grain width	0.108164	−0.12696	−0.60736	0.127083
1000 grain weight	−0.03061	−0.52748	−0.15908	0.201727
Yield/hill (g)	−0.51007	0.187889	−0.03471	0.099738

Neeraja C, Maghirang-Rodriguez R, Pamplona A, et al. A marker-assisted backcross approach for developing submergence-tolerant rice cultivars. Theor Appl Genet. 2007;115(6):767–776.

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