Cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of Bulgarian Rosa alba L. essential oil – in vitro model study

Figures & data

Figure 1. Volatile oil constituents of Bulgarian R. alba essential oil.

Figure 2. Genotoxic potential of R. alba L. essential oil in reconstructed karyotype MK 14/2034 of barley, analysed by: (A) A/N comet assay (leaf cells); (B) chromosome aberration assay (root tip meristem cells). Samples were treated with 250 µg/mL (RA250), 500 µg/mL (RA500) and 1000 µg/mL (RA1000) R. alba essential oil or 50 μg/mL MNNG (MNNG50); control: non-treated sample.

Table 1. Cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of R. alba L. essential oil detected by chromosome aberration assay.

Treatment variant	MI (%) ± SD	MN (%) ± SD
Control	13.9 ± 2.4	0.48 ± 0.05
R. alba L. 250 µg/mL	14.5 ± 1.2	0.27 ± 0.12
R. alba L. 500 µg/mL	13.9 ± 1.4	0.45 ± 0.11
R. alba L. 1000 µg/mL	13.5 ± 1.6	0.5 ± 0.12
MNNG 50 µg/mL	9.3 ± 0.7 ***	1.95 ± 0.18 ***

Note: MNNG (1-Methyl-3-nitro-1-nitrosoguanidine) was used as a standard mutagen. The data are means with standard deviation (± SD) from six independent experiments in each sample. ***p ≤ 0.001 versus the control group. MI, mitotic index; MN, frequency of micronuclei.

Figure 3. Induction of aberration hot spots by MNNG (A) and R. alba essential oil (B) in the barley reconstructed karyotype MK14/2034. Samples were treated with 50 μg/mL MNNG (MNNG50) and 1000 µg/mL R. alba essential oil (RA1000); Chr: chromosome.

Figure 4. Genotoxic potential of geraniol and citral analyzed by A/N comet assay. Samples were treated with 500 µg/mL citral (Citral_A _500) and geraniol (Geraniol_500); control, non-treated sample.