Hyperoside protects against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by alleviating oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in rats

Figures & data

Table 1. Primers used in real-time qPCR.

Gene	Primer sequence (5′–3′)
Bcl-2	F: GACTGAGTACCTGAACCGGCATC
	R: CTGAGCAGCGTCTTCAGAGACA
Bax	F: CGAATTGGCGATGAACTGGA
	R: CAAACATGTCAGCTGCCACAC
Caspase-3	F: GAGACAGACAGTGGAACTGACGATG
	R: GGCGCAAAGTGACTGGATGA
GAPDH	F: GCACAGTCAAGGCTGAGAATG
	R: ATGGTGGTGAAGACGCCAGTA

Figure 1. Effects of hyperoside on the neurobehavioural score and infarct volume ratio in I/R rats ($\overline{x}$ ± SD, n = 8). Neurological deficit scores (A); TTC staining (B); infract size (C). **P < 0.01, vs the sham group; ^#P < 0.05, ^##P < 0.01, vs I/R group.

Figure 2. Effects of hyperoside on T-AOC, SOD and GSH-Px activities and MDA content in the brain tissue of I/R rats ($\overline{x}$ ± SD, n = 8). T-AOC activity (A); SOD activity (B); GSH-Px activity (C); MDA content (D). **P < 0.01, vs the sham group; ^#P < 0.05, vs I/R group; ^##P < 0.01, vs I/R group.

Figure 3. Effect of hyperoside on IL-1 β and TNF-α contents in the brain tissue of I/R rats ($\overline{x}$ ± SD, n = 8). IL-1β content (A); TNF-α content (B). **P < 0.01, vs the sham group; ^##P < 0.01, vs I/R group.

Figure 4. Effects of hyperoside on the expression of Bcl-2, Bax and caspase-3 mRNA in the brain tissue of I/R rats ($\overline{x}$ ± SD, n = 8). Bcl-2 mRNA level (A); Bax mRNA level (B); caspase-3 mRNA level (C). **P < 0.01, vs the sham group; ^#P < 0.05, ^##P < 0.01, vs I/R group.

Figure 5. Effects of hyperoside on the expression of p-PI3K and p-AKT proteins in the brain tissue of I/R rats ($\overline{x}$ ± SD, n = 8). p-PI3K protein level (A); p-AKT protein level (B). **P < 0.01, vs the sham group; ^##P < 0.01, vs I/R group.