Production of saponins from in vitro cultures of Astragalus glycyphyllos and their antineoplastic activity

Figures & data

Table 1. Content of saponin S1 in wild and in vitro cultivated samples

Culture	S1, ng/mg dw ± SD
Callus, G48, hv	6.43 ± 0.12
Callus, G48, dark	0.25 ± 0.01
Callus, G56, hv	26.37 ± 0.01
Callus, G56, dark	< LOD^a
Shoots, MS	231.15 ± 0.22
Susp., G48, hv	5.26 ± 0.11
Wild	103.77 ± 0.04

^aUnder LOD (limit of detection).

Table 2. In vitro cytotoxicity (mean IC₅₀ values, [µg/mL] ± SD) of the saponin-rich fractions 1-3 and 4-6 against T-24, CAL-29, MJ and HUT-78 tumour cell lines

Cell line/fraction	T-24^a	CAL-29^a	MJ^b	HUT-78^c
1-3	168.4 ± 13.1	105.6 ± 11.5	126.3 ± 15.2	87.6 ± 7.4
4-6	124.8 ± 12.7	90.2 ± 7.1	74.5 ± 6.4	77.8 ± 4.3

^aUrinary bladder carcinoma.

^bCutaneous T-cell lymphoma of the Mycosis fungoides (cutaneous) type.

^cCutaneous T-cell lymphoma of the Sézary syndrome (leukaemic) type.