Single-strand DNA breaks and oxidative changes in rat testes exposed to radiofrequency radiation emitted from cellular phones

Figures & data

Figure 1. Schematic drawing of the experimental setup.

Table 1. Simulated SAR values for rat testicles at three different frequencies.

Frequency	10 g (W/kg)	1 g (W/kg)	Point (W/kg)
900 MHz	0.00315	0.00333	0.00356
1800 MHz	0.002061	0.002647	0.004721
2100 MHz	0.001439	0.002815	0.004012

Table 2. DNA damage in rat testes evaluated based on tail moment and tail intensity (%) in comet assay.

	Tail moment (mean ± S.D)	Tail intensity (%) (mean ± S.D)
Group 1 (Sham- control)	42.626 ± 7.606^A	22.773 ± 3.891^C
Group 2 (900 MHz)	45.931 ± 7,606^A	23.826 ± 2.415^C
Group 3 (1800 MHz)	49.619 ± 9.179^A	36.993 ± 7.428^B
Group 4 (2100 MHz)	51.870 ± 10.039^A	44.958 ± 10.809^A
P	^nsP = 0.2284	*P = 0.0001

Note: n = 7. Values indexed with different letters within a column are statistically significantly different. Same letters within a column indicate non-significant differences.

*Statistically significant difference between the groups (p < 0.05). ^nsNon-significant difference between the groups (p > 0.05).

Table 3. TOS, TAS, OSI, 8-OHdG and MDA parameters in rat testes.

	TOS (µmol/L)	TAS (µmol/L)	OSI (AU)	8-OhdG (ng/mL)	MDA (ng/mL)
Group 1 (Sham-control)	7.387 ± 0.67^D	1.228 ± 0.27^A	6.229 ± 1.34^C	18.441 ± 5.40^D	34.586 ± 3.03^D
Group 2 (900 MHz)	9.073 ± 0.91^C	0.931 ± 0.08^B	9.866 ± 1.70^B	25.209 ± 3.43^C	39.950 ± 3.55^C
Group 3 (1800 MHz)	11.616 ± 0.80^A	0.868 ± 0.05^CB	13.469 ± 1.7^A	40.418 ± 2.35^B	45.830 ± 1.73^B
Group 4 (2100 MHz)	10.099 ± 0.75^B	0.702 ± 0.11^C	14.751 ± 2.82^A	48.748 ± 5.1^A	51.952 ± 3.75^A
P	*P = 0.0001	*P = 0.0001	*P = 0.0001	*P = 0.0001	*P = 0.0001

Note: n = 7. Values indexed with different letters within a column are statistically significantly different. Same letters within a column indicate non-significant differences.

* Statistically significant difference between the groups (p < 0.05).