Therapeutic potential of metformin in normal glucose tolerant persons with metabolic syndrome

Figures & data

Table 1. Overview of studies showing reduction of insulin resistance and hyperinsulinaemia by metformin treatment.

Location	Population	Duration	Treatment	Concluding remarks
Europe Bulgaria [33]	Persons with MS, NGT, hyperinsulinaemia	1 year	Metformin 2.55 g/d	Decrease fasting insulin, 1-h, 2-h, 3-h PGL insulin, HOMA-IR Increase fasting G/I, 1-h, 2-h, 3-h G/I, QUICKI
Europe Turkey [27]	Obese adolescents 9-17 years old hyperinsulinaemic	6 months	Metformin 1 g/d vs. placebo with LSM	Decrease fasting and 2-h PGL insulin, HOMA-IR Increase QUICKI
Europe N.Macedonia [11]	Obese PCOS Hyperinsulinaemic women	9 months	Metformin 1.5 g/d	Decrease fasting insulin, 1-h and 2-h PGL insulin
Europe Italy [23]	Persons with MS	3 months	Metformin 1 g/d vs. placebo	Decrease HOMA-IR
Europe UK [31]	Persons with heart failure and IR	4 months	Metformin 2 g/d	Decrease FIRI
America Argentina [14]	PCOS women with IR	4 months	Metformin 1.5 g/d vs. placebo with LSM	Decrease fasting insulin and HOMA-IR
Asia India [15]	PCOS women with IR	6 months	Metformin 2 g/d	Decrease 2-h PGL insulin

MS, metabolic syndrome; NGT, normal glucose tolerance; PGL, post glucose load; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; G/I, glucose/insulin ratio; QUICKI, quantitative insulin sensitivity check index; LSM, lifestyle modification; PCOS, polycystic ovary syndrome; FIRI, fasting insulin resistance index; IR, insulin resistance.

Kamenova P, Atanasova I, Kirilov G. Metformin improves insulin secretion and reduces insulin resistance in people at high risk for development of type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. MRJMMS. 2016;4(3):152–161.

 Google Scholar

Atabek ME, Pirgon O. Use of metformin in obese adolescents with hyperinsulinemia: a 6-month, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial . J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2008;21(4):339–348.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Krsevska B, Dimitrovski C, Pemovska J, et al. Metformin improves menstrual patterns, endocrine and metabolic profile in obese hyperinsilinemic women with a polycystic ovary syndrome. Prilozi. 2006;27:57–66.

 PubMedGoogle Scholar

Vitale C, Mercuro G, Cornoldi A, et al. Metformin improves endothelial function in patients with metabolic syndrome. J Intern Med. 2005;258(3):250–256.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Wong AKF, Symon R, AlZadjali MA, et al. The effect of metformin on insulin resistance and exercise parameters in patients with heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail. 2012;14(11):1303–1310.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Otta CF, Wior M, Iraci GS, et al. Clinical, metabolic and endocrine parameters in response to metformin and lifestyle intervention in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized double-blind and placebo-control trial. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2010;26(3):173–178.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Saxena P, Prakash A, Nigam A. Effect of metformin therapy on 2-h post glucose insulin levels in patients of polycyctic ovarian syndrome. J Hum Reprod Sci. 2010;3(3):139–142.

 PubMedGoogle Scholar