Molecular genetic variability of Juglans regia L. and Juglans sigillata D. as revealed by fluorescent amplified-fragment length polymorphism

Figures & data

Figure 1. Typical nut characteristics for Juglans regia (a), J. sigillata (b), J. sigillata × J. regia (c), and J. hopeiensis (d).

Table 1. Walnut cultivars (Juglans regia and J. sigillata) used for the AFLP analysis.

Cultivar	Species	Origin
Chandler	J. regia	USA
Damuma	J. regia	Xinjiang, PR China
Franquette	J. regia	FRA
Hartley	J. regia	USA
Jing861	J. regia	Beijing, PR China
Liaoning1	J. regia	Liaoning, PR China
Shanhe1	J. regia	Shaanxi, PR China
Sunland	J. regia	USA
Tulare	J. regia	USA
Wusiman	J. regia	Xinjiang, PR China
Xiangling	J. regia	Shandong, PR China
Xinfeng	J. regia	Xinjiang, PR China
Xinguang	J. regia	Xinjiang, PR China
Yechenghetaowang	J. regia	Xinjiang, PR China
Zixin	J. regia	Yunnan, PR China
Huaningdabaike	J. sigillata	Yunnan, PR China
Li53	J. sigillata	Yunnan, PR China
Lushui1	J. sigillata	Yunnan, PR China
Santaihetao	J. sigillata	Yunnan, PR China
Wei2	J. sigillata	Yunnan, PR China
Xixiang	J. sigillata	Yunnan, PR China
Yangbipaohetao	J. sigillata	Yunnan, PR China
Yangjiang1	J. sigillata	Yunnan, PR China
Yangza1	J. sigillata	Yunnan, PR China
Yangza2	J. sigillata	Yunnan, PR China
Yangza3	J. sigillata	Yunnan, PR China
Yong11	J. sigillata	Yunnan, PR China
Zier	J. sigillata	Yunnan, PR China
Ziyuan	J. sigillata	Yunnan, PR China
Yunxin301	J. sigillata × J. regia	Yunnan, PR China
Yunxin303	J. sigillata × J. regia	Yunnan, PR China
Yunxin306	J. sigillata × J. regia	Yunnan, PR China
Yunxingaoyuan	J. sigillata × J. regia	Yunnan, PR China
Yunxinyunlin	J. sigillata × J. regia	Yunnan, PR China
Jilong	J. hopeiensis	Hebei, PR China

Table 2. Summary of the AFLP markers scored for J. regia, J. sigillata and the hybrids using 9 primer combinations.

Primer combinations*	Total bands (number)			Polymorphic bands (number)			Percent polymorphism (%)
	J. regia	J. sigillata	hybrids	J. regia	J. sigillata	hybrids	J. regia	J. sigillata	hybrids
E-AAC/M-CAA	119	140	80	111	131	43	93.28	93.57	53.75
E-AAC/M-CTT	143	104	75	130	92	42	90.91	88.46	56.00
E-AAG/M-CAA	178	144	75	172	139	44	96.63	96.53	58.67
E-AAG/M-CAG	176	147	98	171	142	60	97.16	96.60	61.22
E-ACA/M-CAC	111	123	89	107	111	39	96.40	90.24	43.82
E-ACT/M-CTA	156	128	86	151	121	43	96.79	94.53	50.00
E-AGC/M-CAG	138	101	75	131	96	61	94.93	95.05	81.33
E-AGC/M-CAT	123	75	49	107	73	39	86.99	97.33	79.59
E-AGC/M-CTT	132	117	87	121	109	52	91.67	93.16	59.77
Total	1276	1079	714	1201	1014	423
Average	141.78	119.89	79.33	133.44	112.67	47.00	93.86	93.94	60.46

* E seq: 5′-GACTGCGTACCAATTC-3′; MseI: 5′-GATGAGTCCTGAGTAA-3′.

Table 3. Na, Ne, H, and I for J. regia, J. sigillata and the hybrids based on AFLP analysis.

	Na*	Ne*	H*	I*
J. regia	1.5370 ± 0.4998	1.2582 ± 0.3390	0.1560 ± 0.1856	0.2402 ± 0.2668
J. sigillata	1.6389 ± 0.4814	1.2543 ± 0.3352	0.1556 ± 0.1791	0.2459 ± 0.2529
Hybrids	1.2593 ± 0.4392	1.1646 ± 0.3164	0.0951 ± 0.1725	0.1414 ± 0.2499
Average	1.4784 ± 0.1965	1.2257 ± 0.0530	0.1356 ± 0.0350	0.2092 ± 0.0588
	Ht*	Hs*	Gst*	Nm*
	0.1596 ± 0.0306	0.1356 ± 0.0216	0.1505	2.8219

* Na, Observed number of alleles.

* Ne, Effective number of alleles.

* H, Nei's gene diversity.

* I, Shannon's Information index.

* H_t, total heterocigosity.

* H_s, genetic diversity among populations.

* G_st, proportion of the distributed genetic diversity among populations.

* N_m, gene flow.

Figure 2. Factorial correspondence analysis (FCA) based on polymorphisms at AFLP loci for 35 walnut cultivars.

Figure 3. Dendrogram of 35 walnut cultivars based on AFLP analysis conducted using 9 primer combinations.

Table 4. Nei’s genetic identity (above diagonal) and genetic distance (below diagonal) among 4 groups.

Population	J. regia	J. sigillata	J. sigillata×J. regia	J. hopeiensis
J. regia	****	0.9952	0.9954	0.9904
J. sigillata	0.0048	****	0.9985	0.9908
J. sigillata×J. regia	0.0046	0.0015	****	0.9907
J. hopeiensis	0.0096	0.0092	0.0094	****

Data availability statement

The authors confirm that the data supporting the findings of this study are available within the article [and/or] its supplementary materials.