Engineering drought tolerance in plants by modification of transcription and signalling factors

Figures & data

Table 1. Engineering drought tolerance using transcription factors.

Classification	Gene name	Transgenic crop	Origin	Expression	Experiment	Parameters	Tolerance	Physiological changes	References
AP2/ERF family
DREB1	AtDREB1C	Rice	Arabidopsis	Lip9	Water withholding	Survivability, Plant growth	Drought; Osmotic stress	High spikelet fertility; high yield	[25]
DREB/AREB	AtDREB1A AtDREB2CA AtAREB1	Soybean	Arabidopsis	RD29A	Water withholding	Survivability	Drought	High proline	[26]
DREB3	TaDREB3	Wheat	Wheat	RAB17	Water limited; Water withholding	Survivability	Drought	High seed yield	[27]
DREB/CBF	TaDREB3 TaDREB2	Wheat, Barley	Wheat	CaMV35SP; Maize RAB17	Desiccation	Survivability	Drought; Cold	High LEA gene expression	[28]
DREB1	DREB1A	Rice	Arabidopsis, Rice	RD29A	Dehydration	Survivability	Drought; Salt	Fast stomatal closure	[29]
DREB	DREB1A	Peanut	Peanut	RD29A	Dehydration	Survivability; Plant yield	Drought	High seed yield	[30]
AP2/ERF	AtERF019	Arabidopsis	Arabidopsis	CaMV35SP	Water withholding	Survivability	Drought	Delayed leaf senescence	[31]
AP2/ERF	AtERF53	Arabidopsis	Arabidopsis	CaMV35SP	Dehydration	Survivability	Drought	High proline	[32]
AP2/ERF	CarERF116	Arabidopsis	Chickpea	CaMV35SP	Dehydration	Survivability	Drought; Salt; Cold	High LEA gene expression	[33]
Basic leucine-zipper protein
bZIP	SIbZIP1	Tomato	Tomato	CaMV35SP	Dehydration	Survivability	Drought; Salt	High MD content; low transpiration	[34]
bZIP	ZmbZIP16	Arabidopsis	Maize	CaMV35SP	Dehydration	Survivability	Drought; Salt	ABA hypersensitive; high proline	[35]
bZIP	OsbZIP16	Arabidopsis	Rice	–	Dehydration	Survivability	Drought	Reduced ROS scavenging	[36]
bZIP	GhABF2	Rice	Arabidopsis	CaMV35SP	Dehydration	Survivability	Drought; Salt	High MD content; high proline	[37]
Others
MYB	TaMYB31B	Arabidopsis	Wheat	CaMV35SP	Dehydration	Survivability	Drought	ABA hypersensitive; slow water loss	[38]
NFY	NFYA5	Arabidopsis	Arabidopsis	CaMV35SP	Water withholding	Survivability	Drought	Slow water loss	[39]

Table 2. Engineering drought tolerance using signalling factors.

Classification	Gene name	Transgenic crop	Origin	Expression	Experiment	Parameters	Tolerance	Physiological change	References
MAPK	GhMPK2	Tobacco	Cotton	CaMV35SP	Dehydration	Survivability	Drought; Salt	High proline; slow water loss	[75]
SnK2	TaSnRK2.9	Tobacco	Wheat	CaMV35SP	Water withholding	Survivability	Drought; Salt	Oxidative stress protection; high proline and sugar accumulation	[76]
SnK2	SAPK9	Rice	Oryza rufipogon	OsUbi1	Water withholding	Survivability	Drought	Slow water loss; oxidative stress protection	[77]
CIPK	BdCIPK31	Tobacco	Brachypodium distachyon	CaMV35SP	Dehydration	Survivability	Drought; Salt	ABA-hypersensitive; slow water loss	[78]
CDPK	ZoCDPK1	Tobacco	Ginger	CaMV35SP	Dehydration	Survivability	Drought; Salt	ABA-hypersensitive;	[79]
CIPK	TaCIPK2	Tobacco	Wheat	CaMV35SP	Water withholding	Survivability	Drought; Salt	Fast stomatal closure	[80]
CDPK	OsCPK9	Rice	Rice	CaMV35SP	Dehydration	Survivability	Drought	High spikelet fertility; fast stomatal closure	[81]
GSK3/Shaggy	TaSK5	Arabidopsis	Rice	CaMV35SP	Water withholding	Survivability	Drought; Salt	Reduced levels of ROS	[82]
CIPK	OsCPK10	Rice	Rice	Ubi1	Dehydration	Survivability	Drought; Disease	Reduced levels of ROS	[83]

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