Integration of transcriptomics and metabolomics to identify key coumarin biosynthetic genes in Bupleurum chinense

Figures & data

Figure 1. Structures of coumarins in Bupleurum Chinese DC.

Table 1. Summary of Fraxetin, Angelicin, Psoralen, Esculetin, marmesin.

Name_des		Fraxetin	Angelicin	Psoralen	Esculetin	marmesin
Formula		C10H8O5	C11H6O3	C11H6O3	C9H6O4	C14H14O4
Molecular weight		208.17	186.16	186.16	178.14	246.26
RT (min)		3.98	13.07	8.12	3.16	6.02
Class		Phenylpropanoids	Phenylpropanoids and polyketides	Phenylpropanoids and polyketides	Phenylpropanoids and polyketides	Phenylpropanoids and polyketides
all_root		359,373.33	720,533.33	87,596.67	137,910.00	52,108.33
all_stem		12,695.67	54,992.00	86,363.33	196,866.67	25,944.00
all_leaf		9,376.33	28,614.33	210,033.33	824,400.00	80,193.33
all_flower		110,029.67	394,165.33	669,800.00	461,800.00	48,990.00
R vs S	FC	28.31	13.10	–	\	\
	log2FC	4.82	3.71	\	\	\
	Pvalue	0.016	0.032	\	\	\
	VIP	2.14	1.77	\	\	\
	Up.Down	Up	Up	\	\	\
R vs L	FC	38.33	25.18	\	\	\
	log2FC	5.26	4.65	\	\	\
	Pvalue	0.020	0.012	\	\	\
	VIP	2.16	1.99	\	\	\
	Up.Down	Up	Up	\	\	\
R vs F	FC	\	\	0.13	\	\
	log2FC	\	\	–2.93	\	\
	Pvalue	\	\	0.007	\	\
	VIP	\	\	1.15	\	\
	Up.Down	\	\	Down	\	\

\, non-significant (VIP value > 1.00 or P-value >0.05).

Figure 2. Phenylpropanoids general biosynthetic pathway.

Figure 3. Putative biosynthetic pathways of coumarins in Bupleurum. PAL, phenylalanine ammonia lyase; C4H, cinnamate 4-hydroxylase; C3H, ρ-coumarate 3-hydroxylase; HCT, shikimate O-hydroxycinnamoyltransferase; COMT, caffeic acid ο-methyltransferase; 4CL, 4-coumarate: coenzyme A ligase; F6’H, feruloyl-CoA 6’-hydroxylase; PS,psoralen synthase.; C2’H, ρ-coumaroyl CoA 2’-hydroxylase; U-8-P, umbelliferone 8-prenyltransferase; CS, columbianetin synthase; AS, angelicin synthase; CA2H, caffeic acid 2-hydroxylase; OMT, ο-methyl-transferase; S8H, scopoletin 8-hydroxylase; *, no corresponding gene was found.

Figure 4. Connection network between regulatory genes and coumarins. The shapes represent roots, stems, leaves and flowers from the inside out; the expression levels of genes (green, ellipse) and metabolites (red, diamond) are indicated by shades of colour; the thickness of the line indicates the size of the correlation.

Data availability statement

All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article and its supplementary information files, further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author.