Prognostic value of plasmablastic morphology and p21, p53 and Cyclin D1 expression in myeloma cells: retrospective study of 122 patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma

Figures & data

Figure 1. Expression of cyclin D1, p53 and p21 in myeloma cells. (A) Myeloma cells with plasmablastic morphology, PAS, 400×; scale bar = 20 µm; (B) Cyclin D1 nuclear expression in myeloma cells, 200×; (C) expression of p53 in myeloma cells, 200×; scale bar = 50 µm (D) protein p21 nuclear expression in myeloma cells, 400×; scale bar = 20µm.

Table 1. Correlation of p21, p53 and Cyclin D1 expression with clinical and laboratory data of multiple myeloma patients.

	Plasmablastic differentiation	Cyclin D1	p21	p53
β2-microglobulin	Positive	Positive	ns	Positive
Albumin, g/L	Negative	ns	Negative	ns
Haemoglobin, g/dL	Negative	ns	ns	Negative
Platelet count, 10^9 L	ns	ns	ns	Negative
GFR, mL/min	Negative	ns	ns	Negative
Creatinine, µmol/L	Positive	ns	ns	Positive
Osteolytic lesions, %	ns	Positive	ns	ns
Calcium, mmol/L	ns	Positive	ns	ns
M-protein, g/L	Positive	ns	Positive	ns
Clinical stages by Salmon–Durie	Positive	Positive	Positive	Positive

ns, non-significant (p > 0.05); positive, positive significant correlation (p < 0.05, r > 0); negative, negative significant correlation (p < 0.05, r < 0).

Table 2. Clinical parameters in patients’ groups with (positive) and without (negative) antigen expression.

Clinical parameters	Cyclin D1		p21		p53
	Positive	Negative	Positive	Negative	Positive	Negative
β2-microglobulin, mg/dL	5.5 ± 4.58	4.27 ± 4.3	5.5 ± 4.58	4.27 ± 4.3	5.84 ± 4.66	4.37 ± 4.3
Albumin, g/L	36.68 ± 7.91	42.68 ± 27.55	38,89 ± 13,62	41,33 ± 22,18	39.29 ± 11.92	41.41 ± 23.59
Haemoglobin, g/dL	99.6 ± 19.94	104.2 ± 16.56	104.2 ± 16.56	99.6 ± 19.94	92.55 ± 17.13	107.1 ± 17.1
PLT, count, 10^9 L	215.4 ± 88.29	221.8 ± 87.87	221.8 ± 87.87	5.84 ± 4.66	193.8 ± 87.65	232.5 ± 85.3
GFR, mL/min	72.16 ± 40.54	84.37 ± 51.88	84.37 ± 51.88	39.29 ± 11.92	66.66 ± 44.51	84.65 ± 46.9
Creatinine, µmol/L	150.2 ± 204.9	103.5 ± 74.27	103.5 ± 74.27	5.5 ± 4.58	164.5 ± 203.6	106.3 ± 118.1
Osteolyticlesions, %	48%	30%	67.6%	62.5%	71%	60%
Calcium, mmol/L	2.43 ± 0.28	2.34 ± 0.27	2.34 ± 0.27	5.5 ± 4.58	2.37 ± 0.32	2.4 ± 0.25
M-gradient g/L	29.35 ± 20.66	26.86 ± 15.53	26.86 ± 15.53	36.68 ± 7.91	29.72 ± 19.13	27.24 ± 17.86

The results were expressed as mean (M) ± standard deviation (SD); bold values in table show data with statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) between the group of positive immunohistochemical antigen expression and negative.

Data availability statement

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author, Jurijs Nazarovs, upon reasonable request.