Digital skills recruitment challenges in small enterprises: the role of blockchain

Figures & data

Figure 1. A systematic theory review approach.

Figure 2. Key stakeholders of a generic blockchain ecosystem (Riasanow et al., 2018).

Table 1. Blockchain roles for small enterprises.

Group	BC roles	Primary reasons	SE implications
BC consumers	Consumer, community, consulting	The consumers create the demand for utilizing the data stored in the specific blockchain network.	All SEs can take the consumer role. The digital savvy SEs can be prosumers of their participating network
BC providers	Infrastructure, platform, application, token community platform providers, Miners,	The service provides all the necessary hardware, network, business logic and application services required by BC service consumers	Considering the extended network of technical SE networks, all digitally savvy SEs can play the role that aligns with their value propositions

Table 2. Blockchain-based accounting ecosystem.

Tasks and data	Peer-to-peer stakeholders	Scope of smart contracts	BC capabilities
Individual’s health diagnosis data	Patient and GP, patient and specialists	Create medical records, grant access to GP/specialists	Evoking digital trust
Individual health tests data	Patients and labs	Grant access to labs Revoke access to labs	Facilitating networking
Individual routine check-up data	Patients and GP	Append real-time patient data	Facilitating innovation
Individual ongoing treatment data	GP and specialists GP and patients	Append treatments data Append diagnosis data Revoke grants	Reducing transactional and networking costs

Table 3. Blockchain-based health ecosystem.

Tasks and data	Peer-to-peer stakeholders	Scope of smart contracts	BC capabilities
Individual’s health diagnosis data	Patient and GP, patient and specialists	Create medical records, grant access to GP/Specialists	Evoking digital trust
Individual health tests data	Patients and labs	Grant access to labs Revoke access to labs	Facilitating networking
Individual routine check-up data	Patients and GP	Append real-time patient data	Facilitating innovation
Individual ongoing treatment data	GP and specialists GP and patients	Append treatments data Append diagnosis data Revoke grants	Reducing transactional and networking costs

Table 4. Blockchain-based education ecosystem.

BC enabled tasks	Peer-to-peer stakeholders	Scope of smart contracts	BC capabilities
Academic Credentials	Students and Universities	Validation across universities	Privacy, security, Networking
Developing twenty-first Century Skills	Students and Universities	Skills evaluation and validation	Privacy, Security, Immutability
Job applications	Employers and Students	Skills validation	Networking, Privacy
Student Identification	Students, Universities	Authentication	Privacy, Provenance
Industry Certifications	Professionals and Training Institutes	Skills evaluation, validation, and verification	Networking, Immutability, Privacy
Student funding and payments	Students and Universities, Students and Scholarship sponsors	Transaction validation, balance verification	Security, Privacy

Figure 3. National Digital Skills Recruitment Chains (NDSRC) for small enterprises.

Table 5. Digital skills recruitment ecosystem.

BC enabled tasks	Peer-to-peer stakeholders	Scope of smart contracts	BC features/capabilities
Add, append, and publish digital skills	Job seekers and skills prosumers including small digital enterprises	Skills validation and verification	Privacy and security Facilitating trust, networking, and innovation
Search, select, subscribe skills	Job seekers and -non-digital small enterprises	Skills scoping, selection, evaluation conditions	Privacy, security, and immutability Facilitating large network access, privacy
Utility pricing models	Governments and NDSRC prosumers	Governance rules and audit controls	Immutability and networking Facilitating innovation, disintermediation
Audit standards and controls	Governments and NDSRC consumers	Auditing rules and country-specific regulations	Privacy, security Facilitating trust and network
Networking and data security standards	Governments and telco providers governments and cyber security firms	Access controls, violation rules, escalation protocols	Transparency, privacy Facilitating trust, innovation, and networking

Riasanow, T., Burckhardt, F., Setzke, D. S., Bohm, M., & Krcmar, H. (2018). The generic blockchain ecosystem and its strategic implications. Twenty-Fourth Americas Conference on Information Systems, New Orleans. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/325677489.

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