Figures & data
Figure 1. The type locality of Meretrix taiwanica sp. n. in the Tamsui River estuary, northern Taiwan.
![Figure 1. The type locality of Meretrix taiwanica sp. n. in the Tamsui River estuary, northern Taiwan.](/cms/asset/7919a071-fcc1-4fc3-a2f1-b081357d729b/tmos_a_2189428_f0001_ob.jpg)
Figure 2. A, Environment of type locality; B, local fisherman catches Asian hard clams in single small boat; C, use of a bull raker as harvesting gear; D, harvested wild Asian hard clams.
![Figure 2. A, Environment of type locality; B, local fisherman catches Asian hard clams in single small boat; C, use of a bull raker as harvesting gear; D, harvested wild Asian hard clams.](/cms/asset/a499dcf9-587d-4cc0-b6b5-fb48e1482aaa/tmos_a_2189428_f0002_oc.jpg)
Figure 3. Morphometric measurements of right valve and shell. L: shell length, H: shell height, B: shell breadth, AL: anterior shell length, SW: socket width, SL: socket length, UH: upper shell height, LPM: length of posterior dorsal margin, HPM: height of posterior dorsal margin, LL: ligament length, and PL: pallial sinus length.
![Figure 3. Morphometric measurements of right valve and shell. L: shell length, H: shell height, B: shell breadth, AL: anterior shell length, SW: socket width, SL: socket length, UH: upper shell height, LPM: length of posterior dorsal margin, HPM: height of posterior dorsal margin, LL: ligament length, and PL: pallial sinus length.](/cms/asset/37128831-cb67-4f74-b351-c02a90e6178c/tmos_a_2189428_f0003_oc.jpg)
Table 1. Table of species, sample collecting localities and GenBank accession numbers that were used in this study.
Figure 4. A, Holotype, FRIM10028, paired valves; B, inner shell of right valve of holotype, aa: anterior adductor scar, pl: pallial line, ps: pallial sinus, pa: posterior adductor scar; C, paratype, FRIM10029; D, paratype, FRIM10030.
![Figure 4. A, Holotype, FRIM10028, paired valves; B, inner shell of right valve of holotype, aa: anterior adductor scar, pl: pallial line, ps: pallial sinus, pa: posterior adductor scar; C, paratype, FRIM10029; D, paratype, FRIM10030.](/cms/asset/e11038a8-7110-486e-b1ac-72f8bc52f5ce/tmos_a_2189428_f0004_oc.jpg)
Table 2. Measurements (in mm) of type specimens of Meretrix taiwanica sp. n.
L: shell length; H: shell height; AL: anterior shell length; SW: socket width; SL: socket length; UH: upper shell height; LPM: length of posterior dorsal margin; HPM: height of posterior dorsal margin; B: shell breadth; LL: ligament length; PL: pallial sinus length.
Figure 6. Shells of hard clams A, Meretrix taiwanica sp. n.; B, M. petechialis; C, M. lusoria; D, Cytheraea formosa (unavailable name-bearing types, syntype, digital image cited from BMNH HP collection, 20120227).
![Figure 6. Shells of hard clams A, Meretrix taiwanica sp. n.; B, M. petechialis; C, M. lusoria; D, Cytheraea formosa (unavailable name-bearing types, syntype, digital image cited from BMNH HP collection, 20120227).](/cms/asset/2df79979-5d30-44fe-87a5-9471051ef643/tmos_a_2189428_f0006_oc.jpg)
Table 3. Ten characters standardised against shell length calculated in M. taiwanica sp. n. (N = 70), M. petechialis (N = 17), M. lusoria (N = 24) and C. formosa (N = 2) (unavailable name-bearing types). Avg.: mean, Std.: standard deviation, L: shell length, H: shell height, B: shell breadth, AL: anterior shell length, SW: socket width, SL: socket length, UH: upper shell height, LPM: length of posterior dorsal margin, HPM: height of posterior dorsal margin, LL: ligament length, and PL: pallial sinus length.
Figure 7. Two-dimensional scatterplots of canonical discriminant analysis. A, Analysis including the species Meretrix taiwanica sp. n., M. petechialis, M. lusoria and C. formosa; B, analysis including the species Meretrix taiwanica sp. n., M. petechialis and M. lusoria.
![Figure 7. Two-dimensional scatterplots of canonical discriminant analysis. A, Analysis including the species Meretrix taiwanica sp. n., M. petechialis, M. lusoria and C. formosa; B, analysis including the species Meretrix taiwanica sp. n., M. petechialis and M. lusoria.](/cms/asset/25fcf797-2eb5-42b1-972f-88339c169605/tmos_a_2189428_f0007_oc.jpg)
Table 4. Centroids of canonical variates (Can.) 1 and 2 for 10 standardised characters of Meretrix taiwanica sp. n., M. petechialis, and M. lusoria. L: shell length, H: shell height, B: shell breadth, AL: anterior shell length, SW: socket width, SL: socket length, UH: upper shell height, LPM: length of posterior dorsal margin, HPM: height of posterior dorsal margin, LL: ligament length, and PL: pallial sinus length.
Figure 8. Phylogenetic tree constructed for Meretrix spp. and reference sequences based on the cytochrome c oxidase I gene barcode sequence. Branch support values estimated by bootstrap pseudo-replicates in maximum parsimony and neighbour-joining are displayed above each branch. A minus sign (-) indicates that the bootstrap values were <75%.
![Figure 8. Phylogenetic tree constructed for Meretrix spp. and reference sequences based on the cytochrome c oxidase I gene barcode sequence. Branch support values estimated by bootstrap pseudo-replicates in maximum parsimony and neighbour-joining are displayed above each branch. A minus sign (-) indicates that the bootstrap values were <75%.](/cms/asset/019a80c1-f394-4845-8f61-14eeb046b6dc/tmos_a_2189428_f0008_oc.jpg)