Economic resources versus the efficiency of different types of agricultural production in regions of the European union

Figures & data

Figure 1. Clusters of EU regions differing in resource conditions of agriculture in 2015.

Source: Own study based on EUFADN data.

Table 1. Average factor endowment of representative farms in clusters of EU regions in 2015.

Cluster	No. regions	Land endowment [ha]	Labour endowment [AWU]	Capital endowment [EUR]
A	7	436.7667	8.195000	810834.8
B	67	29.3912	1.399851	51081.5
C	63	82.4256	2.351905	206467.8
Total	136	71.9310	2.140662	156580.4

Source: Own study based on EUFADN data.

Table 2. Results of the statistical significance assessment of differences between the average values determining land, labour and capital endowment of representative farms from the EU regions in 2015 (p level in the Mann-Withney U-test – the differences are significant with p < 0.05).

Clusters of EU regions	B				C
A	*	X1	X2	X3	X1	X2	X3
	X1	0.0001			0.0001
	X2		0.0001			0,0001
	X3			0.0001			0,0001
B	X1				0.0000
	X2					0.0000
	X3						0.0000

* X1 to X3 mean: X1 - average land endowment [in ha], X2 – average labour endowment [in AWU] and X3 - average capital endowment [in EUR].

Source: Own study based on EUFADN data.

Table 3. Indicators of technical efficiency of various agricultural production types in clusters of EU regions, differing in factor endowment in 2015.

Agricultural production type (TF8)	Clusters of EU regions differing in factor endowment			Average for all EU regions	Standard deviation for all EU regions
	A	B	C
Field crops (1)	0.8518	0.6931	0.6772	0.6939	0.2180
Horticulture (2)	0.9775	0.7287	0.7740	0.7569	0.2089
Wine (3)	-*	0.7932	0.7334	0.7742	0.2180
Other permanent crops (4)	–	0.7657	0.7975	0.7760	0.2225
Milk (5)	0.9755	0.7998	0.7162	0.7668	0.1822
Other grazing livestock (6)	0.7878	0.7620	0.6904	0.7311	0.1741
Granivores (7)	–	0.7154	0.6755	0.6960	0.2351
Mixed (8)	0.9965	0.7803	0.7489	0.7784	0.1575

* - there is no agricultural production type among representative farms in the cluster of EU regions.

Source: Own study based on EUFADN data.

Ttcase 4. The probability of incorrectly rejecting H₀ of homogeneity of the variance coefficients in the clusters A, B, C for H₁ which says that the variances are not homogeneous - the Brown-Forsythe test.

Production type*	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
P levels	0.557	0.203	0.174	0.740	0.064	0.0229	0.446	0.078

* as in Table 3.

Source: Own study based on EUFADN data.

Table 5. The results of the assessment of statistical significance of differences in the efficiency of different types of agricultural production between the EU regions in 2015 (one-way analysis of variance, differences are significant with p < 0.05).

Production type	F	P
Field crops (1)	1.754257	0.177372
Horticulture (2)	1.567492	0.216232
Wine (3)	0.976884	0.327075
Other permanent crops (4)	0.343162	0.559768
Milk (5)	7.611658	0.000829
Other grazing livestock (6)	0.544125	0.463061
Mixed (8)	7.389701	0.000998

Source: Own study based on EUFADN data.

Table 6. Results of statistical significance assessment of average differences in the efficiency of dairy cows and multidirectional production between regions from A, B and C clusters in 2015 (differences are significant with p < 0.05).

Variable	Test	Differences between clusters of regions:
		A & B	A & C	B & C	A & B	A & C	B & C
		Milk production			Mixed production (multidirectional)
Efficiency	NIR	0.0204	0.0007	0.0177	0.00105	0.00021	0.29202
	Scheffe	0.0670	0.0030	0.0591	0.00453	0.00101	0.57246
	HSD (unequal N)	0.1837	0.0275	0.1837	0.03554	0.01335	0.55741

* As in Table 3.

** There is no agricultural production type among representative farms in the cluster of EU regions.

Source: Own study based on EUFADN data.