Assessing the coordinative and coupling development of China’s green economic growth: role of sports economics

Figures & data

Figure 1. Scatter plots of selected variables.

Source: The authors.

Table 1. Descriptive statistics.

Variables	Mean	Median	Maximum	Minimum	Std.
CO2	15.8397	15.4765	43.5757	3.6488	0.5355
GDP	24.6723	24.3276	48.8465	2.7478	0.9654
ICT	8.8254	8.2757	23.6355	3.6865	0.6875
SIE	5.7565	5.1876	18.3789	1.4869	0.3765
HC	7.4386	6.8375	16.3866	3.5474	0.4775

Source: The authors.

Table 2. Correlation matrix.

Variables	CO2	GDP	ICT	SIE	HC
CO2	1
GDP	0.6879**	1
ICT	−0.4376*	−0.2264*	1
SIE	−0.7157**	−0.5875**	−0.6536**	1
HC	0.3765*	0.6785**	0.4765*	0.5465*	1

Source: The authors.

Table 3. CADF and CIPS.

Variables	CADF		CIPS
	Level	1^st difference	Level	1^st difference
CO2	−3.4367*	−5.5644*	−3.3875*	−5.7838
GDP	−1.3245	−5.5287**	−1.6148	−3.5378*
ICT	−1.6845	−3.6755*	−1.1759	−5.2655**
SIE	−1.5875	−6.7677**	−2.0287	−4.4324*
HC	−1.2765	−3.8577**	−1.1769	−5.5889**

Source: The authors.

Table 4. Pedroni and Kao co-integration test.

Alternative hypothesis: common AR coefficient (within-dimension)
	Statistics	p-value	Statistics	p-value
Panel v-statistics	−1.6567	0.8976	3.7575	0.9994
Panel rho statistics	4.8678	1.0000	4.2765	1.0000
Panel PP statistics	−3.2765	0.0056	−10.4856	0.0000
Panel ADF Statistic	−2.7987	0.0424	−3.4757	0.0005
Alternative hypothesis: individual AR Coefficient (between-dimension)
	Statistics		p-value
Panel rho statistics	5.6876		0.9355
Panel PP statistics	−10.5765		0.0045
Panel ADF Statistic	−5.3767		0.0005
Kao co-integration	Statistics		p-value
ADF	−1.6466		0.0657

Source: The authors.

Table 5. FMOLS long run test.

Variables	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 4
LGDP	0.1576* (0.0045)	0.6477** (0.0005)	0.0126** (0.0001)	0.2643* (0.0045)
LGDPC^2	−0.0856** (0.0035)	−0.0238* (0.0071)	−0.0962* (0.0063)	−0.0474* (0.0041)
LICT	−0.3476** (0.0001)	−0.0258** (0.0015)	−0.7576* (0.0036)	−0.2453** (0.0021)
LSIE	−0.2654 (0.0065)	−0.0085 (0.0035)	−0.4765 (0.0000)	−0.3143 (0.0005)
LHC	0.0658** (0.0001)	0.2764** (0.0476)	0.6471* (0.0005)	0.4576** (0.0466)
LSIE * LGDP	-	−0.8577* (0.0045)	–	–
LSIE * LICT	-	–	−0.4377** (0.0005)	–
LSIE * LHC	-	–	–	−0.7472** (0.0045)
Sargan Test	0.8468	0.6865	0.7577	0.8577
AR(1)	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
AR(2)	0.6276	0.7488	0.8567	0.8923

Source: The authors.

Table 6. DOLS long run test.

Variables	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 4
LGDP	0.3754** (0.0065)	0.7365** (0.0055)	0.3478** (0.0005)	0.6354* (0.0767)
LGDPC^2	−0.0289** (0.0035)	−0.0964** (0.0124)	−0.0089* (0.0142)	−0.0895* (0.0052)
LICT	−0.5436** (0.0051)	−0.9845* (0.0075)	−0.7275* (0.0045)	−0.2265** (0.0287)
LSIE	−0.3176 (0.0365)	−0.0476 (0.0168)	−0.8465 (0.0005)	−0.6467 (0.0001)
LHC	0.0326* (0.0021)	0.7547** (0.0236)	0.9856** (0.0001)	0.2648* (0.0757)
LSIE * LGDP	-	−0.7176* (0.0005)	–	–
LSIE * LICT	-	–	−0.2765** (0.0001)	–
LSIE * LHC	-	–	–	−0.8655* (0.0075)
Sargan Test	0.7376	0.7968	0.7824	0.8859
AR(1)	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
AR(2)	0.6644	0.7287	0.8169	0.8865

Source: The authors.

Table 7. Results of the D-H panel causality test.

Null Hypothesis	W-Stat	Z-bar.Stat	Prob.
LCO2 ≫ LGDP	5.4367	4.6578	0.0006
LGDP ≫ LCO2	7.3686	7.9788	0.0264
LCO2 ≫ LICT	2.8566	0.3267	0.3424
LICT ≫ LCO2	2.4065	0.0584	0.0346
LCO2 ≫ LSIE	3.6865	0.6876	0.0176
LSIE ≫ LCO2	4.4367	0.2864	0.2865
LCO2 ≫ LHC	12.6888	12.3643	0.0000
LHC ≫ LCO2	3.7588	0.5864	0.0578

Source: The authors.