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Research Article

Presidency of Donald Trump and American Democracy: Populist Messages, Political Sectarianism, and Negative Partisanship

Figures & data

Figure 1 Polity Score of the United States, 1901-2020

Source: Center for Systematic Peace: The Polity Project Homepage.

Figure 1 Polity Score of the United States, 1901-2020Source: Center for Systematic Peace: The Polity Project Homepage.

Figure 2 Liberal Democracy Index of the United States, 1900-2020

Source: V-Dem Dataset, Version 11.1.

Figure 2 Liberal Democracy Index of the United States, 1900-2020Source: V-Dem Dataset, Version 11.1.

Figure 3 Electoral Democracy Index of the United States, 1900-2020

Source: V-Dem Dataset, Version 11.1.

Figure 3 Electoral Democracy Index of the United States, 1900-2020Source: V-Dem Dataset, Version 11.1.

Data Availability Statement

The data that support the findings of this study are openly available in Coppedge, M., Gerring, J., Knutsen, C. H., Lindberg, S. I., Teorell, J., Alizada, N., Altman, D., Bernhard, M., Cornell, A., Fish, M. S., Gastaldi, L., Gjerløw, H., Glynn, A., Hicken, A., Hindle, G., Ilchenko, N., Krusell, J., Luhrmann, A., Maerz, S. F., Marquardt, K. L., McMann, K., Mechkova, V., Medzihorsky, J., Paxton, P., Pemstein, D., Pernes, J., von Römer, J., Seim, B., Sigman, R., Skaaning, S., Staton, J., Sundström, A., Tzelgov, E., Wang, Y., Wig, T., Wilson, S., and Ziblatt, D. 2021. “V-Dem [Country–Year/Country–Date] Dataset v11” Varieties of Democracy Project at https://doi.org/10.23696/vdems21. Another data that supports the findings of this study are openly available in Center for System Peace: INSCR Data Page at https://www.systemicpeace.org/inscrdata.html.