Water submersion of seeds from three bean cultivars

Figures & data

Table 1. Germination (G), Vigour Classification (VC), Proline, Root length (RL), Shoot length (SL), Total length (TL), Root dry mass (RDM), shoot dry mass (SDM), total dry mass (TDM), electrical conductivity (CE) and moisture content (MC) from the initial evaluation of bean seed from the cultivars IPR-139, Pérola and IPR-Tiziu.

Cultivar	G	VC	Proline	RL	SL	TL	RDM	SDM	TDM	EC	MC
	%		µg g^-1DW	cm			g			µS cm^-1 g^-1	%
IPR 139	98 a^a	90 ab	46.30 b	10.52 a	7.38 ab	17.90 ab	.0954 a	.4169 b	.5123 b	138 b	12.2
Pérola	93 a	80 b	41.92 b	10.79 a	9.36 a	20.15 a	.1220 a	.6454 a	.7674 a	137 b	9.5
IPR Tiziu	98 a	96 a	417.57 a	9.33 a	5.63 b	14.97 b	.1115 a	.4177 b	.5292 b	106 a	12.4
F values	.735^ns	6.193**	62.917**	2.265^ns	7.714**	5.202**	1.492^ns	16.790**	11.908**	5.802*
CV (%)	3.37	4.86	27.98	7.11	16.00	10.12	13.38	13.50	11.46	11.70

^a Equal letters are not statistically different by the Tukey’s test at .05 of probability.

* Significant at .05;

** Significant at .01, respectively, in the variance analysis; ns not significant.

^ns Not significant.

Figure 1. Moisture content (A), electrical conductivity of imbibition water (B) and ethanol determination in imbibition water (C) of three bean cultivars seeds submitted to different submersion period. (B) Adjusted equations: y (IPR-139) =  R² = .8877**; y (Pérola) =  R² = .8937**; y (IPR-Tiziu) =  R² = .9201**. Significant equation: *(p < .05); **(p < .01). In the same period of submersion equal letters are not statistically different by the Tukey’s test at .05 of probability; the absence of a letter indicates no significance. (C) Error bars are the standard deviation.

Table 2. Germination and vigour classification of three bean cultivars seeds subjected to different submersion time periods.

Cultivars	Submersion period (h)
	0	1	2	4	8	16
Germination (%)A
IPR-139	98	79 b	70 b	43 b	35 b	22 b
Pérola	93	93 a	84 a	62 a	47 b	28 b
IPR-Tiziu	98	93 a	88 a	51 ab	78 a	44 a
F values	.735ns	5.013**	6.974**	7.199**	39.126**	10.152**
Vigour Classification (%)B
IPR-139	90 ab	53 b	61 b	24 b	29 b	15 b
Pérola	80 b	90 a	81 a	50 a	26 b	20 ab
IPR-Tiziu	96 a	83 a	77 a	26 b	62 a	29 a
F values	6.193**	33.637**	9.688**	19.519**	36.066**	4.579*

^A Equations adjusted by polynomial analysis : y (IPR-139) = 79.64 – 4.27x R² = .7764** y (Pérola) = 89.3 – 4.22x R² =  .9139** y (IPR-Tiziu) = 90.67 – 2.985x R² = .6199**;

^B Equations adjusted by polynomial analysis : y (IPR-139) = 64.02 – 3.64x R² = .6131** y (Pérola) = 80.65 – 4.49x R² = .8022** y (IPR-Tiziu) = 79.81 – 3.448x R² = .5091**;

* p < .05;

** p < .01.

Note. In the same period of submersion equal letters are not statistically different by the Tukey’s test at .05 of probability; where letters are absent there are no significant differences.

Table 3. Root, shoot and total length of bean seedling from three cultivars subjected to different submersion time periods.

Cultivars	Submersion period (h)
	0	1	2	4	8	16
Root length (cm)^A
IPR-139	10.53	4.43	3.18 b	2.05 b	1.34	1.03
Pérola	10.79	4.16	4.34 ab	4.95 a	1.90	1.05
IPR-Tiziu	9.33	4.28	4.95 a	2.77 b	2.88	1.86
F values	2.265ns	.065ns	3.062*	8.590**	2.280ns	.847ns
Shoot length (cm)^B
IPR-139	7.38 ab	4.66	2.84	2.15 b	1.64	1.13
Pérola	9.36 a	4.54	3.90	6.09 a	2.31	.89
IPR-Tiziu	5.63 b	5.64	4.93	3.57 b	3.43	1.30
F values	7.714 **	.803ns	2.413ns	8.804**	1.806^ns	.095 ^ns
Total length (cm)^C
IPR-139	17.90 ab	9.08	6.01	4.20 b	2.98	2.17
Pérola	20.15 a	8.70	8.24	11.04 a	4.21	1.94
IPR-Tiziu	14.97 b	9.91	9.88	6.34 b	6.30	3.16
F values	5.202 **	.295ns	2.895ns	9.421**	2.176ns	.327ns

^A Equations adjusted by polynomial analysis: y (IPR-139) = 5.766 – .389x R² = .4352** y (Pérola) = 6.697 – .4193x R² = .5433** y (IPR-Tiziu) = 5.9617 – .3131x R² = .4917**;

^B Equations adjusted by polynomial analysis: y (IPR-139) = 4.7882 – .2882x R² = .5470** y (Pérola) = 6.5302 – .3902x R² = .6207** y (IPR-Tiziu) = 5.4697 – .2685x R² = .9340**;

^C Equations adjusted by polynomial analysis: y (IPR-139) = 10.5535 – .6767x R² = .4829** y (Pérola) = 13.22 – .8096x R² .5869** y (IPR-Tiziu) = 11.432 – .5817x R² = .7314**.

Root Lenght LMS = 0.717; Shoot Lenght LMS 0. 935; Total Lenght LMS =1.596.

Significant equation:

* (p < .05);

** (p < .01).

Note. In the same period of submersion equal letters are not statistically different by the Tukey’s test at .05 of probability; where letters are absent there are no significant differences.

Table 4. Root, shoot and total dry mass of three bean cultivars seedlings subjected to different submersion time periods.

Cultivars	Submersion period (h)
	0	1	2	4	8	16
	Root dry mass (g)^A
IPR-139	.095	.043 b	.028 b	.044 b	.023 b	.016
Pérola	.122	.081 a	.059 b	.099 a	.044 ab	.016
IPR-Tiziu	.112	.097 a	.100 a	.058 b	.064 a	.018
F values	1.492ns	6.279**	10.689**	6.679**	3.503*	.019ns
	Shoot dry mass (g)^B
IPR-139	.417 b	.135 b	.092 b	.095 b	.074	.047
Pérola	.645 a	.249 a	.218 a	.308 a	.110	.055
IPR-Tiziu	.418 b	.246 a	.245 a	.157 b	.157	^.069
F values	16.790**	4.083*	6.462**	11.649**	1.687ns	.127ns
	Total dry mass (g)^C
IPR-139	.512 b	.178 b	.120 b	.139 b	.097	.062
Pérola	.767 a	.330 a	.277 a	.407 a	.153	.074
IPR-Tiziu	.529 b	.342 a	.345 a	.215 b	.221	.088
F values	11.908**	4.899*	7.777**	11.153**	2.267ns	.097ns

^A Equations adjusted by polynomial analysis : y (IPR-139) = .05803 – .003190x R² = .4494** y (Pérola) = .09792 – .005394x R² = .7119** y (IPR-Tiziu) = .1028 – .00543x R² = .8872**;

^B Equations adjusted by polynomial analysis : y (IPR-139) = .211894 – .013292x R² = .3396** y (Pérola) = .3932 – .024988x R² = .5195** y (IPR-Tiziu) = .2993 – .0162x R² = .6762**;

^C Equations adjusted by polynomial analysis : y (IPR-139) = .2699 – .016484x R² = .3604** y (Pérola) = .49119 – .03038x R² = .5594** y (IPR-Tiziu) = .4021 – .02172x R² = .7464**;

Significant equation:

* p < .05;

** p < .01.

Note: In the same period of submersion. Equal letters are not statistically different by the Tukey’s test at .05 of probability; where letters are absent there are no significant differences. Root Dry Mass LMS = 0.015; Shoot Dry Mass LMS = 0.045; Total Dry Mass LMS = 0.057.

Figure 2. Proline content (A) and SOD activity (B) of three bean cultivars subjected to different submersion period. Error bars are the standard deviation of three repetitions by cultivar and submersion period.