Yield of sugarcane varieties and their sugar quality grown in different soil types and inoculated with a diazotrophic bacteria consortium

Figures & data

Table 1. Geographical location, soil and climate data, cycles, treatments, and fertilization.

Mill and location	Soil and climate data	Cycle	Treatments	Fertilization
Sapucaia mill, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ; (21°45′14″S and 41°19′26″O, altitude 14 m)	Ultisol. Aw climate, dry winter and hot and rainy summer; average annual temperature of 22.7 °C; precipitation during the cycle 1565 mm	Plant cane; planting in March 2006 and harvested in August 2007; 18 months of growing	Inoculated with diazotrophs; fertilization with 120 kg ha^−1 N (Urea) and absolute control. Plots with 4 rows of 4 m, spaced at 1.4 m	120 kg ha^−1 of P2O5; 100 kg ha^−1 of K2O; 40 kg ha^−1 of FTE BR12 (micronutrients); 0.4 kg ha^−1 of ammonium molybdate; 15 Mg ha^−1 of filter cake applied in the groove bottom
Coruripe mill, Coruripe, AL; (10^o 07′33″S and 36^o10′33″W, altitude 16 m)	Ultisol. Tropical climate, hot, humid, and rainy between April and September; average annual temperature of 24.4 °C; precipitation during the cycle 1543 mm	Plant cane; planting in November 2009 and harvested in December 2010; 13 months of growing	Inoculated with diazotrophs; fertilization with 120 kg ha^−1 N (Urea) and absolute control. Plots with 6 rows of 5 m, spaced at 1.0 m	100 kg ha^−1 of P2O5; 144 kg ha^−1 of K2O; 30 kg ha^−1 of micronutrients (B = 3%, Cu = 5%, Fe = 0.4%, Mn = 15%, and Zn = 5%); 0.4 kg ha^−1 of ammonium molybdate

Table 2. Chemical soil properties of both experimental areas.

Depth	pH	N	C	Ca	Mg	Al	H + Al	V	P	K
cm	H2O	g dm^−3		cmolc dm^−3				%	mg dm^−3
Sapucaia mill, RJ – ultisol
0–20	6.2	.8	12.5	3.6	1.6	.0	2.3	70	66	49
20–40	5.2	.6	7.5	2.0	.7	.3	3.6	43	29	27
Coruripe mill, Al – ultisol
0–20	6.7	.8	9.5	2.6	.9	.0	1.1	77	46	52
20–40	6.2	.5	5.9	1.7	.6	.0	1.7	58	34	19

Notes: (EMBRAPA, 2006). V% = 100 S/T. It represents the participation of the exchangeable bases in relation to the total cations in the complex. This value is used for the characterization of eutrophic and dystrophic soils. V% = 100 (Ca + Mg + K)/CEC = Cation exchange capacity.

Table 3. Stem yield and total dry matter accumulation (stems, straw, and green leaves) of two grown sugarcane varieties inoculated with diazotrophs, fertilization with 120 kg ha⁻¹ of N, and control in two Brazilian regions.

Treatment	RB867515		RB72454
	Stems	Total dry matter	Stems	Total dry matter
	Mg ha^−1
Sapucaia mill, RJ – crop 2006/2007
Control	103.8b	48.4	141.2	59.2
Inoculated	126.1a	57.5	137.7	60.8
120 kg N	130.3a	61.5	145.1	59.7
CV (%)	9.2	16.5	9.2	16.5
Coruripe mill, AL – crop 2009/2010
Control	115.9b	46.9b	132.0c	56.4
Inoculated	153.9a	68.4a	148.7b	63.2
120 kg N	158.3a	65.3a	169.5a	70.2
CV (%)	13.3	15.9	13.3	15.9

Notes: Means of four replicates. Means followed by different letters in the columns differ by Scott-Knott test at % probability. C.V: coefficient of variation.

Table 4. Total nitrogen content in stem dry matter and total dry matter (stems, straw, and green leaves) of two grown sugarcane varieties inoculated with diazotrophs, fertilization with 120 kg ha⁻¹ of N, and control in two Brazilian regions.

Treatment	RB867515		RB72454
	Stems	Total	Stems	Total
	kg ha^−1
Sapucaia mill, RJ – crop 2006/2007
Control	100.2	195.0	97.4	208.3
Inoculated	110.8	182.7	126.6	218.8
120 kg N	114.6	178.3	119.9	211.1
CV (%)	29.0	18.9	29.0	18.9
Coruripe mill, AL – crop 2009/2010
Control	58.8	135.8	52.4b	148.3b
Inoculated	69.0	168.2	43.3b	138.1b
120 kg N	76.6	168.9	88.4a	195.9a
CV (%)	26.0	18.2	26.0	18.2

Notes: Means of four replicates. Means followed by different letters in the columns differ by Scott-Knott test at 5% probability C.V: Coefficient of variation.

Table 5. Total recoverable sugar (TRS), soluble solids (Brix), and apparent sucrose (Pol) of two grown sugarcane varieties inoculated with diazotrophs, fertilization with 120 kg ha⁻¹ of N, and control in two Brazilian regions.

Treatment	RB867515			RB72454
	TRS kg Mg^−1	Brix %	Pol %	TRS kg Mg^−1	Brix %	Pol %
Sapucaia mill, RJ – crop 2006/2007
Control	138.4	20.9	14.0	136.9	20.5	13.8
Inoculated	130.6	19.9	13.2	134.9	19.8	13.5
120 kg N	131.6	20.2	13.2	136.1	19.6	13.8
CV (%)	7.2	6.4	7.9	7.2	6.4	7.9
Coruripe mill, AL – crop 2009/2010
Control	159.8	23.1	16.4	164.3	23.4	16.9
Inoculated	157.2	22.6	16.1	167.0	23.7	17.2
120 kg N	150.1	21.8	15.3	165.2	23.7	17.0
CV (%)	5.8	5.3	6.2	5.8	5.3	6.2

Notes: Means of four replicates. The absence of letters means that there was no difference between treatments by Scott-Knott test at 5% probability. TRS: total recoverable sugar. Brix: soluble solids. Pol: apparent sucrose. C.V: Coefficient of variation.

Table 6. Total recoverable sugar yield (TRS) of two grown sugarcane varieties inoculated with diazotrophs, fertilization with 120 kg ha⁻¹ of N, and control in two Brazilian regions.

Treatment	RB867515	RB72454	Sum of the two varieties kg ha^−1	Increase compared to the control kg ha^−1
	TRS kg ha^−1	TRS kg ha^−1
Sapucaia mill, RJ – crop 2006/2007
Control	14,340	19,289	33,629	–
Inoculated	16,424	18,423	34,847	1218
120 kg N	17,024	19,706	36,730	3101
CV (%)	10.9		7.5
Coruripe mill, AL – crop 2009/2010
Control	18,376b	21,801b	40,177b	–
Inoculated	24,228a	24,827a	49,055a	8878
120 kg N	23,857a	28,072a	51,929a	11,752
CV (%)	15.7		14.0
Sum of increase of the inoculation treatment compared to control				10,096
Sum of increase of nitrogen fertilization treatment compared to control				14,853

Notes: Means of four replications. Values followed by different letters in the columns differ by Scott-Knott test at 10% probability. Increases and the sums of the increases for treatments with inoculation and N fertilization compared to the control were not analyzed statistically. C.V: Coefficient of variation.

Table 7. ¹⁵N delta (‰) of two grown sugarcane varieties with inoculation and non-inoculation of diazotrophs, as well as average delta ¹⁵N of three reference plants grown in soil samples from the experimental areas.

Treatment	RB867515	RB72454
Sapucaia mill, RJ – crop 2006/2007
Non-inoculated sugarcane	6.5 aB	8.7 aB
Inoculated sugarcane	6.6 aB	9.0 aB
Reference plants	11.2 A
CV (%)	7.2
Coruripe mill, AL – crop 2009/2010
Non-inoculated sugarcane	2.3 aB	2.2 aB
Inoculated sugarcane	2.5 aB	2.4 aB
Reference plants	7.9 A
CV (%)	7.5

Notes: Means of three replicates. Small letters compare inoculated with non-inoculated sugarcane. Capital letters compare sugarcane (inoculated or non-inoculated) with reference plants. Scott-Knott test at 5% probability. C.V: Coefficient of variation. Reference plants: P. mileaceum, P. glaucum, and S. bicolor.

Figure 1. Available soil N (mg pot⁻¹) and δ ¹⁵N natural abundance (‰), extracted by reference plants growing in pots with soil samples from the experimental areas.

Reference plants: P. mileaceum, P. glaucum and S. bicolor. Bars represent the standard error of the mean for three replicates.

Empresa Brasileira De Pesquisa Agropecuária. (2006). Sistema brasileiro de classificação de solos (p. 306, 2nd. ed). Rio de Janeiro: Embrapa Solos.

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