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Review Articles

Orthodontics and the Pandemic: Long Term Consequences

, DDS PhD
Pages 199-207 | Received 03 Jun 2021, Accepted 05 Sep 2021, Published online: 28 Sep 2021

Figures & data

Table 1. FRONT DESK

Figure 1. Board certified orthodontist Dr Amy Gimlen prepares to give COVID19 immunizations at a county vaccination centre in April 2021. The pandemic reminded orthodontists that they are part of the health team

Figure 1. Board certified orthodontist Dr Amy Gimlen prepares to give COVID19 immunizations at a county vaccination centre in April 2021. The pandemic reminded orthodontists that they are part of the health team

Figure 2. Social distancing seating in the waiting room at the USC orthodontic clinic, Los Angeles, California in May 2021

Figure 2. Social distancing seating in the waiting room at the USC orthodontic clinic, Los Angeles, California in May 2021

Figure 3. AGDP appointment in the orthodontic clinic. The extraoral high volume evacuator/filter (Novavox N19) in close proximity to the workspace

Figure 3. AGDP appointment in the orthodontic clinic. The extraoral high volume evacuator/filter (Novavox N19) in close proximity to the workspace

Figure 4. Left: Pre COVID. Right: Present day. Personal protective equipment currently required for all patients. Note surgical scrubs, face shield, N95 respirator, disposable gown. Not pictured: Surgical bonnet, booties, gloves. It is likely that this complete kit will only be required for AGDP when pandemic conditions return to normal

Figure 4. Left: Pre COVID. Right: Present day. Personal protective equipment currently required for all patients. Note surgical scrubs, face shield, N95 respirator, disposable gown. Not pictured: Surgical bonnet, booties, gloves. It is likely that this complete kit will only be required for AGDP when pandemic conditions return to normal

Figure 5. The INLINE2000 negative air machine – (Inline distributing, Sylmar, California, USA.) delivers airflow of 1,900 on High and 1,200 on Low (cfm). Three of these industrial grade units were installed in the USC orthodontic clinic to produce a minimum of 6 ACH. The units exhaust outside via the roof

Figure 5. The INLINE2000 negative air machine – (Inline distributing, Sylmar, California, USA.) delivers airflow of 1,900 on High and 1,200 on Low (cfm). Three of these industrial grade units were installed in the USC orthodontic clinic to produce a minimum of 6 ACH. The units exhaust outside via the roof

Figure 6. Medical personnel working on patients with highly infectious diseases wear a powered air-purifying respirator (PAPR). In this image, Dr. Arleen Azar of Los Angeles, California, prepares to perform AGDP wearing one

Figure 6. Medical personnel working on patients with highly infectious diseases wear a powered air-purifying respirator (PAPR). In this image, Dr. Arleen Azar of Los Angeles, California, prepares to perform AGDP wearing one