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Research Article

Evaluation of the Orobua settlement as a historical heritage in West Sulawesi, Indonesia

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Pages 1582-1597 | Received 15 Nov 2021, Accepted 27 May 2022, Published online: 04 Oct 2022

Figures & data

Figure 1. Location of Orobua settlement.

Figure 1. Location of Orobua settlement.

Figure 2. Traditional house in Orobua (banua sura’-layuk).

Figure 2. Traditional house in Orobua (banua sura’-layuk).

Figure 3. Plan of traditional house (banua sura’-layuk)

Figure 3. Plan of traditional house (banua sura’-layuk)

Figure 4. Sitemap the Orobua settlement in 1992 (Source: Torigie and Wakabayshi 1995)

Figure 4. Sitemap the Orobua settlement in 1992 (Source: Torigie and Wakabayshi 1995)

Figure 5. Redrawn sitemap of the Orobua settlement in 1992 (Based on Torigoe and Wakabayashi 1995, satelite images, interview with Ambe’ Langi (local resident))

Figure 5. Redrawn sitemap of the Orobua settlement in 1992 (Based on Torigoe and Wakabayashi 1995, satelite images, interview with Ambe’ Langi (local resident))

Figure 6. Sitemap of the Orobua settlement in 2006 (Source : Culture Heritage Agency Citation2006)

Figure 6. Sitemap of the Orobua settlement in 2006 (Source : Culture Heritage Agency Citation2006)

Figure 7. Redraw sitemap of the Orobua settlement in 2006 (Based on Culture Heritage Agency in 2006 and interview of Ambe’ Langi (local resident))

Figure 7. Redraw sitemap of the Orobua settlement in 2006 (Based on Culture Heritage Agency in 2006 and interview of Ambe’ Langi (local resident))

Table 1. Number and percentage of buildings of specific types

Table 2. Modification made to house by type and age

Table 3. Transformation of a modern house (ID 5–1).

Figure 8. Sitemap of the Orobua settlement in 2020 (Source : google earth and author documentation)

Figure 8. Sitemap of the Orobua settlement in 2020 (Source : google earth and author documentation)

Figure 9. Banua sura’ with original wooden roofing.

Figure 9. Banua sura’ with original wooden roofing.

Figure 10. Banua bolong with tin.

Figure 10. Banua bolong with tin.

Figure 11. Original door of banua. (H xW = 80 cm x 60 cm)

Figure 11. Original door of banua. (H xW = 80 cm x 60 cm)

Figure 12. Banua rapa’ (ID 4–6) replaced wall and entrance door. (H x W=180 cm x 60 cm)

Figure 12. Banua rapa’ (ID 4–6) replaced wall and entrance door. (H x W=180 cm x 60 cm)

Figure 13. Traditional house expanded at the rear end (ID 2–1).

Figure 13. Traditional house expanded at the rear end (ID 2–1).

Figure 14. Plan of traditional house expanded at the rear end (ID 2–1).

Figure 14. Plan of traditional house expanded at the rear end (ID 2–1).

Figure 15. Stone hearth in the traditional kitchen (lombon) used for cooking and rituals.

Figure 15. Stone hearth in the traditional kitchen (lombon) used for cooking and rituals.

Figure 16. Traditional kitchen (lombon) currently used as a bedroom.

Figure 16. Traditional kitchen (lombon) currently used as a bedroom.

Figure 17. Modern kitchen in the expanded room equipped with a gas stove for cooking.

Figure 17. Modern kitchen in the expanded room equipped with a gas stove for cooking.

Figure 18. Modern kitchen in the expanded room equipped with furniture, a water supply, and a sink.

Figure 18. Modern kitchen in the expanded room equipped with furniture, a water supply, and a sink.

Figure 19. Modern house (ID 5–4).

Figure 19. Modern house (ID 5–4).

Figure 20. Floor using wooden structure.

Figure 20. Floor using wooden structure.

Figure 21. Modern house with a traditional appearance.

Figure 21. Modern house with a traditional appearance.

Figure 22. Modern house with a traditionally shaped roof.

Figure 22. Modern house with a traditionally shaped roof.