ABSTRACT
In this article, we used a two-step estimation procedure, where in the first stage, the number of advanced manufacturing technologies used in the firm was estimated using a negative binomial regression, and the expenditure on process and product innovation was estimated using a type II Tobit procedure. In the second stage, we used the predicted values from the first stage in wage and labour productivity equations. The data were from the 2009 Survey of Innovation and Business Strategy which was linked to the General Index of Financial Information (2004–2009) and the Longitudinal Employment Analysis Program (2004–2009). The implications for policy are that we should not expect large aggregate effects of innovation on productivity and employment. We should expect wage increases and productivity increases, with process innovation. We should also expect moderate wage increases with product innovation, and contrary to process innovation, the effect on productivity of product innovation was negative.
ORCID
Brian P. Cozzarin http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4280-7633
Notes
1 The survey was conducted in January‒April 2010 by Statistics Canada under the auspices of the 1985 Statistics Act which legally requires firms to answer the questionnaire. The sample was 6233 firms with at least 20 employees; response rate was 70%. For more information, see http://www.ic.gc.ca/eic/site/eas-aes.nsf/eng/h_ra02092.html.
2 For more information, see http://www.cra-arc.gc.ca/tx/bsnss/tpcs/crprtns/rtrn/wht/gifi-ogrf/menu-eng.html.
3 For more information, see http://www23.statcan.gc.ca/imdb/p2SV.pl?Function=getSurvey&SDDS=8013.
4 Due to space limitations, the NAICS4 concordance with the taxonomy is omitted.