Ganoderma lucidum total triterpenes prevent γ-radiation induced oxidative stress in Swiss albino mice in vivo

Figures & data

Table 1 Effect of total triterpenes on lipid peroxidation levels in brain and liver of irradiated mice

	Brain		Liver
Groups	TBARS	LOOH	TBARS	LOOH
Normal	3.04 ± 0.30***	5.63 ± 0.79***	2.98 ± 0.57***	4.50 ± 0.36***
Control	5.35 ± 0.78	8.16 ± 0.99	4.90 ± 0.98	9.01 ± 1.02
TT 50	3.60 ± 0.55***	6.13 ± 0.94**	3.18 ± 0.48**	6.16 ± 0.83***
TT 100	2.89 ± 0.55***	5.27 ± 0.66***	2.29 ± 0.58***	4.02 ± 0.42***

TBARS – thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (nmol/mg protein); LOOH – lipid hydroperoxide (μmol/mg protein); TT – total triterpenes (mg/kg b.wt); values are ±SD, n = 6; ***P < 0.001, **P < 0.01 compared to control.

Table 2 Effect of total triterpenes on protein peroxidation levels in brain and liver of irradiated mice

	Brain			Liver
Groups	PCO	T-SH	P-SH	PCO	T-SH	P-SH
Normal	0.81 ± 0.10***	52.66 ± 3.78***	29.80 ± 5.12*	0.72 ± 0.03***	58.15 ± 6.90***	37.12 ± 7.57*
Control	1.92 ± 0.07	32.44 ± 6.03	16.72 ± 7.49	1.68 ± 0.10	39.94 ± 3.95	22.86 ± 3.61
TT 50	1.03 ± 0.33***	48.65 ± 6.99***	23.83 ± 9.43^ns	0.95 ± 0.32***	50.40 ± 8.85^ns	29.82 ± 9.66^ns
TT 100	0.80 ± 0.25***	52.68 ± 6.94***	29.86 ± 6.45*	0.65 ± 0.17***	59.13 ± 4.29***	37.16 ± 5.04*

PCO – protein carbonyls (nmol/mg protein); T-SH – total thiols (nmol/mg protein); P-SH – protein thiols (nmol/mg protein); TT – total triterpenes (mg/kg b.wt); values are ±SD, n = 6; ***P < 0.001, *P < 0.05, ^nsP > 0.05 compared to control.

Table 3 Effect of total triterpenes on antioxidant enzymes and GSH levels in liver of irradiated mice

Groups	SOD	CAT	GPx	GSH
Normal	29.60 ± 4.8**	35.95 ± 9.0^ns	18.83 ± 3.1^ns	24.36 ± 4.6^ns
Control	19.00 ± 4.3	25.24 ± 3.9	13.71 ± 2.7	18.22 ± 8.8
TT 50	24.01 ± 4.5^ns	30.76 ± 6.3^ns	16.16 ± 4.4^ns	20.79 ± 9.1^ns
TT 100	30.18 ± 4.5**	34.62 ± 8.5^ns	19.01 ± 5.3^ns	25.13 ± 5.4^ns

SOD – U/mg protein; catalase – K/mg protein; GPx – U/mg protein; GSH – nmol/mg protein; TT – total triterpenes (mg/kg b.wt); values are ±SD, n = 6; **P < 0.01, ^nsP > 0.05 compared to control.

Table 4 Effect of total triterpenes on antioxidant enzymes and GSH levels in brain of irradiated mice

Groups	SOD	CAT	GPx	GSH
Normal	24.97 ± 3.3**	26.30 ± 7.9*	15.36 ± 2.9^ns	21.87 ± 2.9^ns
Control	17.66 ± 3.3	18.25 ± 2.6	12.76 ± 0.6	17.60 ± 5.1
TT 50	21.43 ± 2.6^ns	22.49 ± 4.1^ns	14.25 ± 4.3^ns	20.31 ± 3.4^ns
TT 100	25.18 ± 2.5**	25.76 ± 2.1^ns	15.90 ± 3.2^ns	22.96 ± 8.7^ns

SOD – U/mg protein; catalase – K/mg protein; GPx – U/mg protein; GSH – nmol/mg protein; TT – total triterpenes (mg/kg b.wt); values are ±SD, n = 6; **P < 0.01, *P < 0.05, ^nsP > 0.05 compared to control.

Figure 1 Protection against radiation-induced DNA damage in blood lymphocytes. TT: Ganoderma triterpenes (μg/ml). Data represented as mean ± SD, from three individual experiments, ***P < 0.001, ^nsP > 0.05 (Bonferroni test) with respect to damage group.

Figure 2 Protection against radiation-induced DNA damage in bone marrow cells. TT: Ganoderma triterpenes (μg/ml). Data represented as mean ± SD, from three individual experiments, ***P < 0.001, ^nsP > 0.05 (Bonferroni test) with respect to damage group.

Figure 3 Protection against radiation-induced DNA damage in spleen cells. TT: Ganoderma triterpenes (μg/ml). Data represented as mean ± SD, from three individual experiments, ***P < 0.001 (Bonferroni test) with respect to damage group.