Effect of acetogenin fraction of Annona muricata leaves on antioxidant status and some indices of benign prostatic hyperplasia in rats

Figures & data

Table 1. Study groups and treatment protocol.

Group	Subcutaneous injection	Oral administration
Normal	Olive oil (1 ml/kg)	1 ml/kg DMSO/H20 (0.5: 9.5 v/v)
TP	TP (3 mg/kg)	1 ml/kg DMSO/H20 (0.5: 9.5 v/v)
TP + Dutasteride	TP (3 mg/kg)	Dutasteride (0.5 mg/70 kg)
TP + AFAL (100 mg/kg)	TP (3 mg/kg)	AFAL (100 mg/kg)
TP + AFAL (200 mg/kg)	TP (3 mg/kg)	AFAL (200 mg/kg)

All animals were fed rat chow and allowed free access to water throughout the period of the experiment. TP = testosterone propionate, AFAL = acetogenin-rich fraction of A. muricata leaves.

Figure 1. Effect of acetogenin-rich fraction of Annona muricata leaves (AFAL) on prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels of testosterone propionate (TP)-induced BPH in rats. Values are expressed as mean ± standard error of mean (n = 5). ^#Significant when compared to normal control (p < 0.05); *significant compared to TP control (p < 0.05).

Figure 2. Effect of acetogenin-rich fraction of Annona muricata leaves (AFAL) on prostate weight, relative prostate weight and prostate protein content in testosterone propionate (TP)-induced BPH in rats. Values are expressed as mean ± standard error of mean (n = 5). ^#Significant when compared to normal control (p < 0.05); *significant compared to TP control (p < 0.05).

Figure 3. Effect of acetogenin-rich fraction of Annona muricata leaves (AFAL) on malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration in testosterone propionate (TP)-induced BPH in rats. Values are expressed as mean ± standard error of mean (n = 5). ^#Significant when compared to normal control (p < 0.05); *significant compared to TP control (p < 0.05).

Figure 4. Effect of acetogenin-rich fraction of Annona muricata leaves (AFAL) on superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities in testosterone propionate (TP)-induced BPH in rats. Values are expressed as mean ± standard error of mean (n = 5). ^#Significant when compared to normal control (p < 0.05); *significant compared to TP control (p < 0.05).

Figure 5. Effect of acetogenin-rich fraction of Annona muricata leaves (AFAL) on glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and reduced glutathione (GSH) concentration in testosterone propionate (TP)-induced BPH in rats. Values are expressed as mean ± standard error of mean (n = 5). ^#Significant when compared to normal control (p < 0.05); *significant compared to TP control (p < 0.05).

Figure 6. Micrograph of prostates in the experimental rats (Stain: H & E; Magnification: ×400). TP = testosterone propionate, AFAL = acetogenin-rich fraction of A. muricata leaves, ES = eosinophilic secretion, BC = basal cell and HG = hyperplastic gland.