Educational mobility and older adults’ working memory updating ability: association and role of resilience

Figures & data

Table 1. Descriptive statistics and partial correlations between the variables for Study 1 and 2.

Measure	Mean [CI]	SD	Min –Max	1	2	3	4
Study 1
1. Edu-parents	1.97 [1.77, 2.16]	1.33	1–8	–
2. Edu-participant	4.02 [3.78, 4.27]	1.66	1–8	.08 [−.05, .21]	–
3. Edu-mobility	2.06 [1.76, 2.35]	2.03	−4–7	–.59 [−.69, −.46]	.76 [.66, .84]	–
4. RM-ACC	0.71 [0.69, 0.73]	0.15	0.25–0.94	.11 [−.05, .24]	.48 [.34, .60]	.32 [.15, .47]
Study 2
2. Edu-participant	5.35 [5.06, 5.65]	1.69	2–8	–
3. Edu-mobility	4.35 [4.06, 4.65]	1.69	1–7	–	1.00 [1.00, 1.00]	–
4. RM-ACC	0.76 [0.74, 0.79]	0.14	0.20–1.00	–	.38 [.19,.54]	.38 [.18, .53]	–
5. Resilience	95.01 [92.46, 97.56]	14.69	58–125	–	.35 [.17, .52]	.35 [.18, .51]	.34 [.18, .48]

Note. Edu = educational level RM-ACC = accuracy on the running memory task. SD = standard deviation. Values within square brackets represent 95% bias-corrected and accelerated confidence interval [CI] based on 5000 bootstrap samples. Correlation coefficients represent correlations with control for the participant’s age and sex. Correlation coefficients in bold are significant at p < .001. N = 180 for Study1; N = 130 for Study 2.

Table 2. Study 1: Hierarchical regression with score on the RM task as criterion.

Predictor	β	ΔF (df)	F (df)	ΔR^2	R^2
Model 1			2.49 (2, 177)		.03
Age	−.18*
Sex	−.10
Model 2		17.89*** (3, 174)	12.02*** (5, 174)	.23	.26
Age	−.06
Sex	−.03
Edu-parental	.08
Edu-participant	.48***
Edu-interaction	−.04

Note. Edu = educational level. β represents standardized regression coefficient. *p < .05, ***p < .001.

Data availability statement

Pre-processed data that support the findings of this study are openly available in Mendeley at https://doi.org/10.17632/2b9n96k8vh.1